Circulatory System

1
Circulatory System

• Ch 37.2
• Distributes food fluids about a cell or body.
  In humans the heart, blood vessels, and
  lymphatic system of the body.

2
IIA. Blood Constituents

• Whole blood preservative
• Blood that clots in air
• Plasma (liquid)
• RBC WBC,
• platelets

3
Blood Parts

• Liquid
• Water
• Proteins
• Nutrients
• Enzymes
• Hormones
• Gases (O2 CO2)
• Salts

• Solid
• RBC Red Blood cells
• Hb Hemoglobin carries oxygen
• WBC White blood cells immunity
• Platelets blood clotting

4
Red Blood Cells have no nucleus
New RBC must be made in the bone marrow when lost
5
Sickled RBC Malaria
6
II2. Antibody/Antigen

• Antibody
• antiagainst
• Bodys reaction to an antigen invasion
• Blood protein
• Made in the immune response

• Antigen
• Invading foreign substance
• Pathogen or
• Toxic chemical
• Elicits the immune response

7
Antigen-antibody complex

• Unique chemical fit
• Once infected the anti body memory is stored
• Immunity or protection when invaded again

8
Rh factor another RBC antigen

• Mother Rh
• 1st. Baby Rh
• Antibodies are made at birth
• 2nd Baby is in danger

9
II 1. Blood Types

• Anti B antigens
• Anti A antigens
• Anti A B antigens
• No antigens universal donor

• A Antibodies
• B Antibodies
• AB No anti- bodies
  Universal receiver
• O Antibodies

10
B.Vessels of the Circulatory System

• Arteries - branching system of muscular tubes
  that carry blood away from the heart.
• Veins - A vessel through which blood flows into
  the heart
• Capillaries -Tiny blood vessels that connect the
  arteries and veins.

11
Lymph system fluids WBC
12
Arteryaway from heart
Aorta

• Oxygen. Blood
• Largest diameter
• Thickest Wallsable to sustain pressure
• Most Elastic
• No diffusion
• Highest Pressure

13
Artery clogged with plaque
14
Angiogram of heart vessels
15
Vein blood into heart

• Deoxy. Blood
• Large diameter
• Thinner Walls
• Less Elastic
• Have valves prevents backflow
• No diffusion
• Mid-pressure

16
Capillary Network connects arteries veins

• Carry both oxy. deoxy. Blood
• Smallest diameter
• One cell thick
• One RBC passes
• Least elastic
• No valves
• Site of Diffusion
• Lowest Pressure

17
Capillary network
Diffusion of gasses food in And wastes out of
cells
One RBC
18
Pressure Points to stop blood flow
19
4.Brain Stem controls Blood Pressure
20
Differences Between the Cavities

• The right cavity takes in oxygen poor blood from
  the body and sends it to the lungs through the
  pulmonary arteries
• The left cavity takes oxygen rich blood from the
  lungs and sends it to the body through the aorta.
  Its wall is thicker than the right cavity
  because it has to pump the blood throughout the
  body

21
Blood Pressure Pulse

• Pulse
• Surge of blood
• Through an artery
• Felt at the skin surface

• Blood Pressure
• Pressure of blood against the vessels
• Rises falls as the heart beats
• The diastole (relaxation)
• The systole (contraction

22
Diastole Relaxation

• Heart relaxes blood
  goes into the two
  auricles
• Rising pressure in
  each auricles opens
  valves
  blood flows into
  the ventricles
  

23
Systole Contraction

• Filled ventricles
  contract, valves close
• Filled ventricles
  force the aorta and
  pulmonary valves to
  open
• Blood is pushed into
  arteries

24
Rate of Heartbeat

• The heart is a muscle is a unique muscle.
• It has the ability to contract spontaneously at a
  regular rate of 80 beats per minute
• That is what creates the pulse