The Cardiovascular System

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The Cardiovascular System

• Part II
• The Heart and Arteries

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Heart

• A hollow muscular organ
• Located in thorax between 2 lungs
• 4 chambers
• 2 atria (atrium) 2 ventricles
• 2 separate pumps (R L sides)
• Right side receives blood from the body and sends
  it to the lungs (pulmonary)
• Left side receives blood from lungs and sends it
  to the body (systemic)

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2 Pumps
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Position of heart
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Pericardium

• A sac that covers and surrounds the heart

Pericardial cavity
Cardiac Tamponade
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Structure of the Heart
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Structure of the Heart
LA
RA
RV
LV
apex
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Apex of Heart

• Part of left ventricle
• Left intercostal space (ICS) 5
• Space between left ribs 5 6
• App. 1 inch inferior to male nipple
• Location where heart is most superficial and most
  easily heard

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Apex of Heart
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Structure of the Heart
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Structure of Blood Vessels

• Arteries and veins have 3 wall layers

• 1. tunica externa
• tunica media
• tunica intima

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Structure of Blood Vessels
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Overview
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Aortic Angiogram
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Arteries of Head and Neck
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Circle of Willis
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Arterial Supply of Brain
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Upper Extremity Arteries

• Subclavian ends at lateral border of 1st rib
• Axillary in the axillary region
• Brachial surgical neck of humerus to
  antecubital fossa (elbow)
• Radial and ulnar

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Upper Extremity Arteries
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Flow Diagram (p. 575)
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Branches of Descending Aorta
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Intercostals
12 pairs
Supply Muscles Of ICSs
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Paired Arteries of Abdomen
Gonadal a. Supply Gonads --testicular
a. --ovarian a.
Renal a. Supply kidneys
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Unpaired Arteries of Abdomen
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Unpaired Arteries of Abdomen

• Supply the digestive organs
• Three of them
• Celiac trunk
• Superior mesenteric
• Inferior mesenteric

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Distribution

• Stomach
• Duodenum
• Small intestines
• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Rectum

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Digestive System
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Distribution

• Stomach celiac trunk
• Duodenum
• Small intestines
• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Rectum

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Distribution

• Stomach celiac trunk
• Duodenum
• Small intestines
• Ascending colon superior mesenteric
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Rectum

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Distribution

• Stomach celiac trunk
• Duodenum
• Small intestines
• Ascending colon superior mesenteric
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon inferior
  mesenteric
• Rectum

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Arteries of the Pelvis Lower Extremity
Aorta Bifurcates At L4
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Aorta Bifurcates at L4

• Bifurcates into LR common iliac a.

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Aorta Bifurcates at L4

• Common iliacs bifurcate into internal and
  external iliac a.

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Aorta Bifurcates at L4

• Common iliacs bifurcate into internal and
  external iliac a.

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Aorta Bifurcates at L4

• External iliacs become femoral a. distal to pubic
  bone

Pubic bone
Femoral a. is major artery in thigh
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Overview