FRENCH BAROQUE

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Know these people
FRENCH BAROQUE Louis XIV Nicolas Poussin Claude
Lorrain
ROCOCO Antoine Watteau Francois
Boucher Jean-Honore Fragonard
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Bernini Bust of Louis XIV 1665 FRENCH BAROQUE
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Portrait of Louis XIV, 1701.
Adopted the name le Roi Soleil (The Sun
King) Believed he was center of Universe and was
Gods Will that he be King Kept complete
control of France and his followers Founded the
Royal Academy of Painting Sculpture in 1648(to
promote the French Classical Style) Invented red
heel shoes due to being only 54
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Louis XIV, Palace of Versailles, c.1680.
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Painting of Versailles from 1722
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Hall of Mirrors, Versailles, c1680.
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Chapel inside Versailles
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Hall of Battles, Versailles.
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Maquette of Versailles
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Bed of Louis XIV
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Bedchamber of Marie Antoinette
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Bedchamber of Marie Antoinette
secret passage of Marie Antoinette
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Court Etiquette

• Life at the court was narrowly regulated by court
  etiquette. Etiquette became the means of social
  advancement for the court.
• Louis XIVs elaborate rules of etiquette included
  the following
• People who wanted to speak to the king could not
  knock on his door. Instead, using the left pinkie
  finger, they had to gently scratch on the door,
  until they were granted permission to enter. As a
  result, many courtiers grew that fingernail
  longer than the others
• A lady never held hands or linked arms with a
  gentleman. Besides being in bad taste, this
  practice would have been impossible because a
  womans hooped skirts were so wide. Instead, she
  was to place her hand on top of the gentlemans
  bent arm as they strolled through the gardens and
  chambers of Versailles. It is also mentioned that
  the ladies were only allowed to touch fingertips
  with the men.
• When a gentleman sat down, he slid his left foot
  in front of the other, placed his hands on the
  sides of the chair and gently lowered himself
  into the chair. There was a very practical reason
  for this procedure. If a gentleman sat too fast,
  his tight trousers might split
• Women and men were not allowed to cross their
  legs in public
• When a gentleman passed an acquaintance on the
  street, he was to raise his hat high off his head
  until the other person passed
• A gentleman was to do no work except writing
  letters, giving speeches, practicing fencing, or
  dancing. For pleasure he engaged in hawking,
  archery, indoor tennis, or hunting. A gentleman
  would also take part in battle and would
  sometimes serve as a public officer, paying the
  soldiers

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Nicolas Poussin (pronounced poo-SAHN) Foremost
painter of 17th century French Classicism
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Nicolas Poussin, Rape of the Sabines, 1640s.
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Nicolas Poussin, The Death of Germanicus, 1627-28.
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Nicolas Poussin, The Shepherds of Arcadia, 1638.
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Nicolas Poussin, Triumph of Neptune and
Amphitrite, 1634.
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Claude Lorrain, Landscape with Apollo Guarding
the Herds of Admetus , 1645.
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Claude Lorrain, Port Scene with the Departure of
Ulysses from the Land of the Feaci, 1646.
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Claude Lorrain, Aeneas's Farewell to Dido in
Carthago, 1676.
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Claude Lorrain, Landscape with Cephalus and
Procris Reunited by Diana, 1645.
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Claude Lorrain, Seaport with the Embarkation of
the Queen of Sheba, 1648.
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François de Cuvilles, Hall of Mirrors, Munich,
Germany, early 1700s.
Delicate, Organic, Ornate, Detailed, Reflective,
Fanciful, Festive
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Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse , Paris,
France ca 1737-1740
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Germain Boffrand, Salon de la Princesse , Paris,
France ca 1737-1740
This is a typical French Rococo Room. The room
is comprised of sinuous curves luxuriantly
multiplied in mirror reflections. Painting,
architecture, and sculpture combine to form a
single ensemble. tendrils A twisting,
threadlike structure by which a twining plant,
such as a grape or cucumber, grasps an object or
a plant for support.
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Antoine Watteau, LIndefferent, 1716.
Portrait of Louis XIV, 1701.
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Antoine Watteau, Return from Cythera, 1717-1719
This painting represents a group of lovers
preparing to depart from the island of eternal
youth and love, sacred to Aphrodite. Young and
luxuriously costumed, they perform, as it were,
an elegant, tender, and graceful ballet, moving
from the protective shade of a woodland park,
peopled with amorous cupids and voluptuous
statuary, down a grassy slope to an awaiting
golden barge.
Fete Galante elegant outdoor entertainment
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Antoine Watteau, Pilgrimage to Cythera, 1717.
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Francois Boucher, Cupid a Captive, 1754
Boucher was a follower of Watteau and the painter
for Madame de Pompadour ( the influencial
mistress of Louis XV) His fame was gained
through his paintings of graceful allegories,
with Archadian shepherds, nymphs, and goddesses
cavorting in shady glens engulfed in pink and sky
blue light. Bouchers paintings are highly
caloric with little nutritional value
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Francois Boucher, Marquise de Pompadour , 1756.
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Jean-Honré Fragonard, The Swing, 1766
Fragonard was a student of Boucher and is
considered by many to have surpassed the genius
of his master. This is a typical intrigue
picture. A young gentleman has managed an
arrangement whereby an unsuspecting old bishop
swings the young mans pretty sweetheart higher
and higher, while her lover (and the works
patron), in the lower left-hand corner, stretches
out to admire her ardently from a strategic
position on the ground. The young lady
flirtatiously and boldly kicks off her shoe at
the little statue on the god of discretion, who
holds his finger to his lips.
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Jean-Honoré Fragonard, The Bathers, 1766.