Title: EuroScience Open Forum 2004
1Should Europe explore the planets?
- 1445 Welcome and Introduction
- 1500 1545 The European Space Exploration
Programme Piero Messina (ESA, Paris) - 1545 1615 QA
- 1615 1645 Scientific aspects of planetary
exploration Gerhard Kminek (ESA/ESTEC,
Noordwijk ) - 1645 end QA
2European Space Exploration Programme
- EuroScience Open Forum 2004
- Should Europe explore the Planets
- Stockholm, August 28th 2004
- Piero Messina piero.messina_at_esa.int
3Europe and Space
- Canada participates in some projects as an
Associate State - Greece and Luxembourg are in the process of
joining ESA
4Europe and Space
Kiruna
ESTEC (Noordwijk)
Redu EAC Cologne ESOC (Darmstadt)
Brussels ESA Paris Toulouse
Villafranca
ESA world locations
ESRIN (Frascati) Fucino
CDN
Moscow
Washington
Maspalomas
Houston
Kourou
Malindi
Libreville
Natal
Perth
Ascension
ESA world locations
01/2002 - 9
5Europe and Space
Budgets for 2004, break-down by Programmes
ME Million of Euro
Technology - 2, 66 ME
General Budget - 7, 185.78 ME
Associated to General Bugget 5, 133.13 ME
Financed by third parties 5, 131.55 ME
Space Science - 14, 370 ME
Launchers - 17, 458.26 ME
Earth Observation 12, 322.77 ME
Human Space Flight 16, 421.11 ME
Telecommunications 7, 194.37 ME
Microgravity - 3, 78.94 ME
Navigation - 12, 336.41 ME
01/2002 - 9
01/2004 - 15
6Europe and Space
TOTAL DES CONTRIBUTIONS des Etats membres aux
programmes obligatoires et facultatifs de lESA
Member States' contributions to ESA's Mandatory
programmes calculated on the basis of their GNP
01/2002 - 9
01/2004 - 15
7Europe and Space
All Member States participate in activities and a
common set of programmes related to Space Science
mandatory Programme.
In addition, Members States chose the level of
participation in optional programmes
01/2002 - 9
01/2004 - 15
10/2003 - 4
8Europe and Space
Space exploration is inherent to ESAs mandate
and activities. Several missions had the
objective to explore and unveil our Solar
Systems secrets
Cassini / Huygens
Rosetta
SMART - 1
Mars Express
Venus Express
10/2003 - 29
9Europe and Space
Europe is also a Partner of the International
Space Station and has its own Astronaut corps
ESAS COLUMBUS LABORATORY
10/2003 - 29
10/2003 - 40
10Towards an European Framework for Exploration
- Late 2000 a reflection was launched on Europes
role in the future exploration of our Solar
system and on possible destinations for robotic
and human exploration - survey was conducted to which over 300
scientists replied from all over Europe - Further consultation with industry (incl.
SMEs), academia and national instances - ESA Council at Ministerial level endorsed in
November 2001 the preparatory activities for an
Exploration Programme (Aurora)
11Aurora Programme Roadmap
12A changing context
- On January 14, 2004 President George W. Bush set
a new space exploration agenda for the U.S. and
suggested that this should be done with
international participation - no useful feedback from some European missions
to Mars (either du to failure or cancellation) - Establishment of a European Space Programme
13Space Exploration and the European Space Policy
- A balanced European Space Programme is made up of
the following elements - basic / enabling
- utilitarian
- inspirational
14EC White Paper Space a new European frontier
for an expanding Union
- The long-term vision as currently under
definition by ESA for solar-system exploration
will have to be taken into account and properly
supported.
15Space Exploration Some of Europes main drivers
- Knowledge
- Innovation Competitiveness
- Inspiration
- Identity
- Global security
16The European Space Exploration Programme
- Follow on of the Aurora Preparatory phase
- Supported by an Exploration Programme Advisory
Committee and a Board of Participants - these today are A, B, CH, E, F, I, NL, P, UK
and Canada
17Features of the European Space Exploration
Programme
- Part of a global undertaking
- Robustness
- Flexibility
- In its Preparatory Phase
- Aiming at understanding the whole picture and to
develop building blocks
18Content of the European Space Exploration
Programme
- Build on experience acquired by Europe in
robotic exploration and LEO human flights - Main destinations are the moon and Mars
- Combination of ground based activities,
technology development, robotic and human
missions
19International Cooperation
- Europes view is based on a strong, balanced
international cooperation as enabler of robotic
and human exploration of the moon and Mars - US new vision is a new positive element
- other Partners are to be considered
- each Partner will make best use of its
capabilities and expertise
20Elements of the Preparatory Activities of
European Space Exploration Programme
- Development of scenarios and of a roadmap
- Technology validation missions (EDLS, EVD)
- Early Robotic missions (ExoMars, MSR)
- Improving Human spaceflight capabilities
(incl.life support, operations and training
etc.) - Other Enabling technologies
21Early Robotic Missions ExoMars (1/2)
- - Due to be launched in 2009
- Orbiter and a Descent module delivering a rover
- 40 kg. Exobiology payload (Pasteur)
- Parallel studies are being conducted
22Early Robotic Missions ExoMars (2/2)
- Scientific Objectives
- Search for signs of past and present life
- Identification and characterisation of potential
hazards to humans - Enhancement of the knowledge of the Martian
environment.
23Early Robotic Missions Mars Sample Return (1/2)
- - Due to be launched in 2011/2013
- Two composite S/c first an Orbiter and a
Re-entry Capsule, then a DM/MAV - a candidate for international cooperation
- Parallel Ph.A studies are being conducted
24Early Robotic Missions Mars Sample Return (2/2)
- Objectives
- Mars ascent vehicle validation
- Forward and backward planetary protection
- Operational aspects of a round trip to Mars
25The Moon
- - an intermediate important step on the long
journey to Mars - test bed for key technologies and rehearsal
missions - platform for science
- ISRU
26The Moon
- Human Missions to the Moon will validate the
Transfer Habitation Module, EVA, Operations,
Earth Re-entry and Crew Performance.
27A long journey
The first human mission to Mars is foreseen no
early than 2033 This will require extensive
technological advancement in areas like life
support systems, effects of radiation and
shielding medical and physiological aspects,
psychological reactions
28Final destination Mars
- - still much more to know on martian environment
and its hazards to humans - robots will help us fill the knowledge gap and
pave the way for safe exploration - only humans, however, can achieve proper
exploration.
29In conclusion
Europe is preparing to contribute to a great
achievement of XXI century
A great achievement of XX century
30Thank you !