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Ferrari
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Four students from our class (Márk,
Bálint,Roland,Zádor) entered a Moto cross
competition which we won. As a result we could
take part in a travel. The first place we went
was Italy were we first visited the Ferrari
factory. Here we could read about the history of
the dream-car.
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Born in 1898, between the wars Enzo Ferrari first
drove for and then ran the racing team for Alfa
Romeo. In 1939 he founded his own company at
Modena, but it was late 1946 before the first
Ferrari car, the 125S, was to emerge. This began
competing in May 1947, and scored its first
victory later that month. It was powered by a
Colombo designed 1498cc V12, later growing to
1903cc (in the Tipo 159) and then 1995cc (Tipo
166) to follow the changing regulations for
Formula 2. The first Formula One car appeared in
1948 with a supercharged version of the 1500cc
engine. With its magnesium block and using 1.6
bar of boost it generated 225bhp _at_ 7,000rpm. All
the first car were racing cars, and it was not
until 1948 that the first road cars began to be
produced, the initial model being the 166 Sport.
Other variants of the 166 included the Inter and
Mille Miglia, and 92 type 166 cars were built up
until 1953. As was normal in those days, the
bodies were built by a variety of Italian
coachbuilders, including Touring, Vignale, Ghia
and Farina.
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The engines also varied, from 90bhp to 155bhp,
and the wheelbases from 2160mm to 2620mm. In
1951 the engine was bored to give a total
displacement 2341cc, with the car becoming the
195 to reflect the change. Around 25 examples
were built until later that year it was replaced
by the 212 with a 2563cc engine (140bhp with one
carburetor, 170bhp with three). This model was
built up until 1953 on short (2250mm) and long
(2600mm) wheelbases, the total production being
about 80 cars. Returning to 1950, the lack of
success with the supercharged 1500 led to the
decision to build an eqivalent normally aspirated
unit, which under F1 rules could be up to
4.5-litres. This new V12 was designed by Lampredi
and initially appeared with a capacity of 3322cc.
The first road car with the Lampredi V12 was the
340 America (4102cc with 220bhp) introduced at
the Paris motorshow in 1950.
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As usual bodies came from various sources
including Ghia, Touring, Pinin Farina and
Vignale. Shortly afterwards the 340 Mexico
replaced the America and through different
carburettors (three 40DCFs) and a higher
compression ratio (81) produced 280bhp. A
significant loss in weight also helped improve
the performance. Until 1964 all the road cars
were powered by either the Colombo or Lampredi
V12 engine monted at the front and driving a live
rear axle. The bodies continued to be designed
and built by various coachbuilders until about
1960 by which time Pininfarina had become the
standard designer and Scaglietti the preferred
constructor. The 1960s saw the first mid-engined
Ferrari, albeit with a Dino badge, and the
emergence of independent rear suspension. In 1969
Fiat purchased 50 of the company, the remainder
being purchased in 1988 after Enzo passed away.
 
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being purchased in 1988 after Enzo passed away.
By the 1980s Ferrari had changed to the opposite
extreme, producing only mid-engined cars, but
under Fiat the front mounted V12 driving the rear
wheels came back to join that layout.
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Ferrari 3602 SP
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