An Overview of Liver Transplant-MedMonks

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What is a liver transplant, Signs and Symptoms
, Who is a Potential Donor and Recipient,
Benefits and Side-Effects and Risks 
An Overview of Liver Transplantation
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Introduction
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Liver transplantation is a procedure in which the
diseased liver (of the recipient) is replaced
with a fresh one (of the donor).
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• Being time-consuming and demanding, liver
  transplantation procedure is only performed on
  patients with liver failure or end-stage liver
  disease.

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Reasons for Liver Transplantation
The need of the liver transplant arises in
patients with liver failure. A variety of liver
disorders can result in liver failure. Some of
the most common liver diseases are 1. Acute
hepatitis (an inflammation in the liver tissue)-
Viral hepatitis, hepatitis A, B, C, D,
autoimmune hepatitis. 2. Fatty liver disease
(large vacuoles of fat build-up in liver cells
leading to dysfunction)
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Reasons for Liver Transplantation

• 3. Cirrhosis -scarring of the liver caused due to
  long-term damage.
• 4. Cancer (caused when hepatitis, cirrhosis etc.
  aggravates)-Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),
  hepatoblastoma, Cholangiocarcinoma.
• 5. Drug-induced liver issues Intake of
  prescription, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs,
  various types of herbal supplements, vitamins,
  and dietary supplements such as acetaminophen,
  Tylenol, and others for a long period of time can
  stop the liver to function normally.

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• Immune (defense) System abnormalities Genetic
  (hereditary) Abnormalities Due to disorders such
  as autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary
  cirrhosis, and more, the immune system of the
  body begins to attack parts of the body including
  liver.
• Over consumption of alcohol and other reasons
  such as metabolic problems.

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Signs and Symptoms

• Skin and eyes appear yellowish (jaundice)
• Bleeding and bruising
• Swelling in the legs and ankles
• Extreme Tiredness
• abdominal pain,
• Itchy skin,
• Dark urine color,
• Pale stool color, or bloody or tar-colored stool,
• Nausea or vomiting,
• and loss of appetite.

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Who can be the recipient?

• Individuals diagnosed with irreversible acute
  or chronic liver disease serve as the best
  candidates for liver transplantation. This
  decision is made by the surgeon and associated
  doctor purely on the basis of screening
  examinations and respective diagnostic
  procedures.

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Who Cannot be a Recipient

• There are a few conditions that
  disqualifies an individual from being added on
  the recipient list such absolute contradictions
  can be caused if the concerned patient is
  suffering from AIDS, metastatic cancer, chronic
  active infection, active substance abuse,
  advanced heart or lung disease, and chronic form
  of a liver disease coupled with serious alcohol
  abuse.

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Who can be a Donor

• To ensure the best results, two types of
  donor namely diseased donor and a living
  donor can be used in executing a liver
  transplantation process.
• While the liver attained from a diseased
  donor (someone who has died) is used to perform
  the procedure on adult recipients, in particular,
  liver derived from the living donor is used to
  perform the surgery on younger patients.

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Who cannot be a donor?

• People suffering from a range of health
  conditions including, liver disease, diabetes,
  heart disease, or cancer fail to qualify.

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Benefits of Liver Transplant

• The life of the patient, who has undergone this
  surgery, increases. After the transplant, he or
  she can lead a normal, healthy and an active
  lifestyle in no time.
• The recovery period is lower adhere to the
  strict guidelines, and routine checkups
  instructed by the surgeon or operating doctor.
  Also, one should take anti-rejection medications
  religiously.

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Common Side-Effects of Liver Transplant

• Due to intake of drugs that treat or prevent
  rejection, side-effects like fluid retention,
  raised blood pressure, headaches, diarrhea, and
  nausea can occur.

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Risks

• Factors such as heavy alcohol use, injection
  of drugs using shared needles, tattoos or body
  piercings, blood transfusion before 1992,
  exposure to other people's blood and body fluids,
  and harmful chemicals or toxins, unprotected sex,
  presence of health conditions like Diabetes,
  obesity can put enhance the risks of liver
  disease in the body.

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Subhash Place, Pitampura, New Delhi, Delhi
110034 Email ID- wecare_at_medmonks.com Website-htt
ps//medmonks.com/liver-transplant-india Contact
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