Heart Attack: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

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ABOUT DOCTOR
Interventional Cardiologist Apollo Hospitals,
Indore
Dr. Sarita Rao is a Sr. Interventional
Cardiologist at Apollo Hospitals, Indore. She is
the first female Interventional Cardiologist in
Central India. She is Fellow of American College
of Cardiology(FACC) and Fellow of European
Society of Cardiology(FESC)
For OPD Appointments Contact 91
9893925000 OPD Timing at Apollo Hospitals,
Indore 1100 AM to 400 PM Location Apollo
Hospitals, Indore Sector D Rd, Scheme No 74C,
Vijay Nagar, Indore. OPD Timing at Clinic 630
PM to 800 PM Location 303, Third Floor, Vishal
Astra, Opp. Satya Sai School, A.B Road, Indore,
MP.
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Heart Attack Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and
Prevention
The heart muscle is one of the largest in the
body. The myocardium is the muscle that pumps the
heart, and it is located on the heart's outer
wall. Due to a blocked artery, this muscle tissue
is deprived of oxygen. Infarction occurs when
there is a severe lack of oxygen, and many cells
die as a result. Acute myocardial infarction is
the medical term for a heart attack (MI). A heart
attack, or myocardial infarction, is also
characterised by discomfort in the chest and
other parts of the body and various symptoms. A
person's life can be saved if they can recognise
the warning signs of a heart attack and seek
medical attention as soon as possible. Cardiac
arrest, in which the heart is fully paralysed, is
not a heart attack. Both are medical emergencies
that can result in cardiac arrest if left
untreated.
Heart attack symptoms include

• Pressure, weight, tightness, squeezing, or pain
  in your chest or arm or below your breastbone
• Back, jaw, throat, or arm pain that you can't
  shake
• Inflammation, bloating, or a sense of choking (it
  may feel like heartburn)
• Vomiting, diarrhoea, or dizziness are all
  symptoms of an allergic reaction.
• Serious exhaustion and exhaustion, as well as
  shortness of breath
• The heartbeat is erratic or fast.

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The symptoms of a heart attack can range greatly
between men and women, but there are a few
general differences.
In women, symptoms such as weariness, sleep
difficulties, anxiety, shortness of breath, or
pain in the arms and back without chest
discomfort are more likely to be experienced.
Pain is not the only symptom that women may have
they may also have indigestion or a feeling of
pressure or discomfort in their chest. The
symptoms of a heart attack that don't fit neatly
into any of the standard categories should be
closely monitored by women in particular, and
they should seek medical attention if they have
any reason to be concerned.

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What are the causes of a heart attack?
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of
heart attackplaque forms in the arteries that
supply the heart with blood. Atherosclerosis is
the term used to describe the process by which
plaque accumulates in the arteries.
Heart attacks can be divided into two categories
non-ischemic and ischemic.
Type I heart attacks occur when plaque on the
artery's inner wall ruptures, allowing
cholesterol and other chemicals to enter the
bloodstream. A blood clot can then form, causing
the artery to become blocked.
There is no full blockage of an artery in type II
heart attack. Thus, the heart does not receive as
much oxygen-rich blood as it normally would.
Medication and Prevention 
First, reduce risk factors like smoking, obesity,
high cholesterol, and high-fat diets.
Discuss personal risk factors and lifestyle
adjustments to lower heart attack risk with your
doctor.
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• Quit smoking
• Regular exercise helps reduce weight and
  cholesterol.
• Keeping an eye on your diet - a nutritionist can
  recommend foods that can help lower cholesterol.

Moreover, your doctor may propose a treatment
(surgery or nonsurgical) when a heart attack
occurs.
These procedures can provide pain relief and
reduce the risk of having another heart attack.

• An angioplasty is a procedure that uses a balloon
  to unblock a blocked artery or removes the plaque
  accumulation. It's worth noting that doctors no
  longer commonly use angioplasty as a stand-alone
  procedure.

• After angioplasty, surgeons put a wire mesh tube
  called a stent into the artery to keep it open.

• In heart bypass surgery, your blood is rerouted
  to avoid obstruction.

• Surgery to replace the valves in the heart.
  Repair or replacement of leaking valves is the
  goal of valve repair or replacement surgery.

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• It is possible to implant a pacemaker under the
  skin. This can maintain a normal heartbeat.

• If the heart attack permanently kills most of the
  heart's tissue, surgeons may recommend a heart
  transplant to save the patient.

Early heart attack treatment restores blood flow
and preserves cardiac muscle. After a heart
attack, you require post-MI therapy to repair and
avoid future attacks. Depending on the heart
attack severity, cardiac rehab may continue for
weeks or months after returning home. Post-MI
care includes medication, lifestyle adjustments,
and therapy.
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If you are suffring from heart disease and
looking for the Best heart specialist in Indore,
Dr. Sarita Rao, Senior Intervention cardiologist
in Indore, with experience of 21 years in the
field of Cardiac Surgery. Book your appointment
now with the best cardiac surgeon in Indore, call
now 91 9893925000 or visit online for more
details - https//drsaritaraocardiologist.com/
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