KINESIOLOGY FOR ORTHOPEDICS

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KINEMATICS
Richard E. Hughes, Ph.D. Orthopaedic Research
Laboratories University of Michigan
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OUTLINE

• Introduction
• Kinematic concepts
• Euler/Cardan angles
• Helical / screw / instantaneous / functional axis
• Knee flexion example

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POSTEROLATERAL ROTATORY ELBOW INSTABILITY
Nestor, B.J. et al. (1992) JBJS 74-A 1235-1241.
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ANATOMY
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RECONSTRUCTION
Nestor, B.J. et al. (1992) JBJS 74-A 1235-1241.
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SURGICAL NAVIGATION
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OUTLINE

• Introduction
• Kinematic concepts
• Euler/Cardan angles
• Helical / screw / instantaneous / functional axis
• Knee flexion example

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FIGURE 54

• Confusing as all heck!
• Trying to explain two ways to describe
  kinematics
• Cardan/Euler angles
• Screw axis

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CARDAN/EULER ANGLES

• Represent rotations of one coordinate system to
  another
• Can be constructed to map to anatomic terms
  (flexion/extension, IR/ER, varus/valgus)

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B
C
A
D
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B
C
A
D
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SCREW AXIS

• Also known as instantaneous helical axis of
  motion (HAM)
• A line not a point
• For planar motion, intersection of screw axis and
  plane is ICR

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OUTLINE

• Introduction
• Kinematic concepts
• Euler/Cardan angles
• Helical / screw / instantaneous / functional axis
• Knee flexion example

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OTHER TERMINOLOGY

• Spin
• Roll
• Combined spin roll
• Counter translation
• Concordant translation

Blaha, J.D. et al. (2003) CORR 410 25-34
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FOUR BAR LINKAGE
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FOUR BAR LINKAGE
Strasser, H. (1917) Lehrbuch der Muskel
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FOUR BAR LINKAGE
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DRAWER TEST
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DRAWER TEST
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NECROMECHANICS
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METHODS

• 10 healthy subjects
• Kinematics using 3D-to-2D image registration
• Fluoroscopic imaging
• Accuracy of 0.25 degree, and 1.1 mm ( cadaver
  study)

Dennis, D.A. et al. (2005) J. Biomech. 38241-253
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IN VIVO KINEMATICS
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METHODS
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RESULTS
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RESULTS
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THANK YOU