Division 4 Masonry

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Division 4 - Masonry

• Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)
• Brick
• Mortar
• Accessories
• horizontal masonry reinforcement wall ties
• lintels - coping - sills
• Reinforcing Bars
• Cleaning
• Equipment

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Concrete Masonry Unit

• Separate masonry according to
• size of the units
• shape of the units
• colors of the units
• type of bond (pattern)
• shape of the mortar joints
• color of the mortar joints
• fire rating

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Concrete Masonry Unit

• The standard modular face dimensions of the CM
  units are 7 5/8" high and 15 5/8" long.
  Thicknesses available are 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12
  inches (nominal, actual dimensions are 3/8"less).
• A 3/8" mortar joint provides 8"x16" face
  dimension (112.5 units per 100 sf of wall).
• Heavy weight versus lightweight units

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Concrete Masonry Unit

• Thicker face shells are required for a specific
  fire rating.
• Unit No of units required (SF of wall x 1.125)
• Corners should only be taken once.
• Deduct all openings in excess of 10 sf.
• Allowance for waste and breakage 5 to 10
• Cutting of the units is expensive and should be
  anticipated.

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Bricks

• Brick is a solid masonry (when its core unit is
  less than 25 of the cross sectional area) made
  of clay.
• Bricks are classified by
• kind (common or face)
• size
• texture or finish on the face

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Bricks

• No. of brick per square foot of wall depends on
• size of brick (standard size 2 1/4"x 3 3/4"x
  8")
• width of the mortar joint
• style of bond
• For running bond with 3/8" thick mortar joint,
  number of standard brick per 100 sf is 675
• Make deduction for all openings
• Waste 5 to 10

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Mortar

• Masonry mortar usually consists of Portland
  cement, mortar sand, and hydrated lime.
• Type M - 11/43 mix by volume - 1 part cement,
  ¼ part lime 3 parts sand) for heavy loads and
  below grade
• Type N - 116 for use above grade
• 3/8" is a common mortar joint thickness, but 1/4"
  and 1/2" joints are also used.
• Colored mortars (red, brown, white, and black)
  may be used.

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Horizontal Masonry Reinforcement

• Steel reinforcing is placed continuously in the
  mortar joints to minimize shrinkage, temperature,
  and settlement cracks in masonry and to provide
  resistance to shear.
• Unit LF (note the size, type, plain or corrosion
  resistant, and spacing).
• Add 5 for waste and 5 for lap.
• For large quantities (over 1500 sf) multiply the
  square footage by the factor
• Reinforcement every course, 1.5
• Reinforcement every other course, 0.75

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Reinforcing Bars

• Vertical reinforcing (to provide lateral support)
  
• Horizontal reinforcing in bond beams
• Unit ton  

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Wall Ties

• to tie the outer wythe with the inner wythe
• type of ties
• spacing (horizontally and vertically)
• unit each

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Coping

• Covers the top course of a wall to protect it
  from the weather.
• coping block (no of units)
• stone (lf, note type, width, and thickness)
• precast concrete (lf, note width, thickness, and
  finish)

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Sills

• members at the bottom of window or door openings
• brick (no. of units)
• stone (lf, note type, thickness, and width)
• precast concrete (lf, size) 

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Lintels

• steel (lb, misc. metal Div. 5)
• precast concrete (lf of each size)
• lintel block with rebar and filled with concrete
  (no. of units , size)

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Cleaning

• the type of materials required to clean with
• the area of the surfaces to be cleaned
• Example acid wash, smooth brick 0.40/sf
• Acid wash, rough brick 0.55/sf  

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Equipment

• scaffolding (length of time required, height,
  rent or own)
• hoisting equipment
• mortar mixer