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Poc

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picture element. z kladn element rastrov grafiky. Display. typically ... 1 bit black and white images. 2-8 bits color lookup table systems. 16 bits (HiColor) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Poc


1
  • Pocítacová grafika
  • pro inženýry - CAD systémy
  • pro DTP - znaky, stránky, dokumenty, tisk,
    osvitové jednotky
  • pro manažery - obrázky, interpretace
  • pro autory WWW stránek - obrázky - rozliÅ¡ení,
    kvalita

2
  • Rastrová (bitmapová) grafika
  • obrázek je umísten v mrížce
  • barva každého elementu (pixel) mrížky je
    zaznamenána individuálne
  • Vlastnosti
  • snadná implementace
  • dobre se delají komplexní zmeny obrázku
  • není flexibilní
  • muže potrebovat mnoho pameti
  • Vektorová grafika
  • obraz je popsán sérií car nebo tvaru
  • Vlastnosti
  • dobre se delají cárové výtvory (CAD aplikace) a
    obrázky jednoduchých tvaru
  • flexibilní
  • typicky potrebuje méne pameti

3
  • Obr..1 (Raster) image
  • Obr. 2 ZvetÅ¡ení obrázku 1, ukazují se
    individuální pixely
  • Pixel
  • picture element
  • základní element rastrové grafiky

4
Display
  • typically monitor
  • use pixels
  • number of pixels varies
  • VGA 640x480,
  • SVGA 800x600
  • 1024x768
  • workstations 1280x1024

5
depth
  • number of bits per pixel of a display. (A bit is
    the basic unit of computer memory. It can store a
    value of 0 or 1. A byte is 8 bits.)
  • 1 bit black and white images
  • 2-8 bits color lookup table systems
  • 16 bits (HiColor)
  • 65536 different colors
  • 24-32 bits (TrueColor)
  • 16.7 million different colors, that is more than
    is possible to separate by human perception
  • actually on the high end systems there could be
    more than 100 bits per pixel.
  • Example a 96-bit system, which has two times
    32-bit to enable double buffering of two images
    one is being refreshed, the second one is being
    updated. Remaining 32 bits are for the z-buffer

6
Resolution
  • spatial resolution
  • measure of the smallest object that can be
    resolved by the sensor
  • for instance, a spatial resolution of 1 meter is
    coarser than a spatial resolution of 0.5 meter
  • sometimes refers to the number of distinguishable
    lines (dots) per inch that a device can create
  • dpi dots per inch
  • scanners typically n - 1200 dpi
  • monitors typically 70-80 dpi
  • printers typically 300 - 600 dpi
  • printing press currently around 3000 dpi

7
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