The Thirteen Original Colonies

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The Thirteen Original Colonies
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Virginia
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Jamestown, Virginia
Chartered in 1607
http//magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/jamestown/
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King James I sent 104 men and boys to the New
World under the name of the Virginia Company.
The king expected them to develop this new land
into a place where he could grow and establish
valuable trade goods for England. To say it
plainly- the king wanted
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Big bucks baby!!!
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While Winter was painfully cold
The summers were hot and harsh
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The men were lazy, and did not want to do the
hard work required to survive in this new land
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If you dont work, Ill see to it that you dont
eat either!!!
Until Captain John Smith came to save the day!!!
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People liked John Smith so much that Walt Disney
made a movie about him! Well He was a
supporting role in the film anyways!
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Boom
Unfortunately, John Smith was injured in an
explosion, and had to return to England!
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It didnt take long for the men to go back to
their lazy ways after Smith left!
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When John Smith left there were 500 men living in
Jamestown.
After a hard winter and the return of a lazy
attitude there were only 60 of them left.
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England sent John Rolfe with several new settlers
to oversee the growth of the Virginia Company and
their colony. Rolfe single handedly changed
the fate of this colony by teaching the settlers
to grow what would soon become the most valuable
cash crop in all of the colonial era.
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Tobacco
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This new crop became a huge hit in Europe which
led to great success in the Virginia colony!
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John Rolfe became the hero of Jamestown!!!
Walt Disney even made a movie about his life-
just like John Smith!!!
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Well, he was a supporting cast member anyways
But he did get to marry the girl!
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There was more than just tobacco and Disney
movies going on in Jamestown!
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Indentured Servants
Slavery
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The House of Burgesses
This became the first representative government
in North America by European people
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John Smith and John Rolfe arent the only famous
Virginians Ever heard of this guy?
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Massachusettes
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Plymouth, Massachusettes
Founded by the Puritans in 1620
http//www.plimoth.org/
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The Pilgrims paid to come to the new world to
escape the Church of England (Anglican) and its
traditions.
The Mayflower (II)
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Though they came to escape an enforced religious
practice, they were not entirely accepting of new
religious ideas. They were very pious and strict
in what they believed to be acceptable religious
practices.
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The Pilgrims spent months boarded up in the very
belly of the ship. They shared their space with
animals such as horses, pigs, chickens, birds,
dogs, and other smelly things- such as their
own waste!
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Barely half of these Pilgrims would live through
the first hard New England winter
                                                
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Among those who died in that harsh winter was
William Brewster, the groups religious leader.
Still, none of the remaining Pilgrims decided to
return to England with the Mayflower in 1621.
With the death of Brewster, William Bradford
became the new leader of these religious people.
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One of the first things he did was write a
document for the Pilgrims to live by. This
document stated that the people of their colony
would work towards peace, and they would make
laws that everyone would follow (Puritan or
stranger). The settlers called this document The
Mayflower Compact.
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(No Transcript)
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The Pilgrims had to learn to live peacefully with
the Native Americans in the area. These tribes
included The Pemaquid (Samoset), The Pawtuxet
(Squanto), and the Wampanoag (Massasoit)
http//www.plimoth.org/education/olc/index_js2.htm
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Natives, like Squanto, taught the Pilgrims to
grow crops, fish, and hunt so they would not have
to endure another loss like the winter of 1620.
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Because of the help from the Natives, the
Pilgrims enjoyed a very good harvest that year.
In October, the Pilgrims invited their neighbors
to join them in a three day feast to celebrate
the good harvest. This is now considered the
first Thanksgiving celebration.
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Foods That May Have Been on the Menu Seafood
Cod, Eel, Clams, LobsterWild Fowl Wild Turkey,
Goose, Duck, Crane, Swan, Partridge, EaglesMeat
Venison, SealGrain Wheat Flour, Indian
CornVegetables Pumpkin, Peas, Beans, Onions,
Lettuce, Radishes, CarrotsFruit Plums,
GrapesNuts Walnuts, Chestnuts, AcornsHerbs and
Seasonings Olive Oil, Liverwort, Leeks, Dried
Currants, Parsnips What Was Not on the
MenuSurprisingly, the following foods, all
considered staples of the modern Thanksgiving
meal, didn't appear on the pilgrims's first feast
table Ham There is no evidence that the
colonists had butchered a pig by this time,
though they had brought pigs with them from
England.Sweet Potatoes/Potatoes These were not
common.Corn on the Cob Corn was kept dried out
at this time of year.Cranberry Sauce The
colonists had cranberries but no sugar at this
time. Pumpkin Pie It's not a recipe that exists
at this point, though the pilgrims had recipes
for stewed pumpkin.Chicken/Eggs We know that
the colonists brought hens with them from
England, but it's unknown how many they had left
at this point or whether the hens were still
laying.Milk No cows had been aboard the
Mayflower, though it's possible that the
colonists used goat milk to make cheese.
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In the years to come, the Pilgrims split into two
groups. The second group settled in present day
Boston.
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The Puritans continued to flourish in this area
by fishing, whaling, trading, and developing
merchant relationships with England. They also
built the very first University, Harvard
University, which showed their commitment to
education and learning.
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New Hampshire
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New Hampshire
Given to John Mason in 1629 by King James I (it
was named after Hampshire county, where Mason
grew up)
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Many unhappy Puritans left Massachusetts to
escape the stubborn leaders there. New Hampshire
became a popular place for these people to go.
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Rhode Island
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Like many others, Roger Williams did not like the
way the Puritan church was running things in
Massachusetts. He tried to voice his opinions,
but John Winthrop (governor of Mass) tried to
deport him to England. In 1635, he left to live
in the nearby woods. A group of Native Americans
helped him to survive the long year alone. In the
following year, Williams and some of his
followers established the colony of Rhode Island.
-VS-
John Winthrop
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What!!! Rhode Island!!! Thats a ridiculous name!
Ive been there and it is not a road or an
island! Whats up with that!?!
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The ground was covered with Red Clay, so it was
likely named after a Dutch word meaning red
island. Or it may have been named after the Greek
island of Rhodes.
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This is one of the first times we truly see
freedom of religion in a colony. People of all
beliefs were accepted here Quakers, Jews,
Puritans, Roman Catholic, and any others that
wanted to come were welcomed.
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Connecticut
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Much like Roger Williams, Thomas Hooker also had
ideas that differed from the rigid views of the
Puritans in Massachusetts. Also like Williams, he
felt he would be better in a new place rather
than staying in Massachusetts.
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With the support of several farmers in the area,
Hooker founded a new colony in 1637. Today
Hartford is the capitol of the state of
Connecticut.
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New York
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New Netherland, or is it York?

• This area was first settled by the Dutch in 1624,
  and was named New Netherland. The land was traded
  for with the Natives living there.
• In 1664, England took control of this region
  without firing a single shot.
• It was renamed New York, after James the Duke of
  York.

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The colony was heavily influenced by Dutch
architecture and lifestyles. Most of the settlers
who remained carried on in their Dutch
traditions. This became a very diverse colony,
and stood out when compared to other English
settlements.
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Maryland
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In 1632, King Charles I gave some land to Sir
George Calvert. He became the Lord over this land
but his son, Cecil, opened it as a haven for
Roman Catholic church members. It was, however, a
colony that provided religious freedom to all who
were of the Christian faith.
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Delaware
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New Jersey
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New Sweden or Jersey?

• The Dutch had also colonized areas surrounding
  New Netherland, and named it New Sweden.
• After England took control of these lands, they
  became know as Delaware(1701) and New Jersey
  (1664).
• These were now English colonies.

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Pennsylvania
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In 1681 King Charles II gave some land to a man
named William Penn to repay a debt to a friend of
Penns who had died. The King renamed the portion
of land Pennsylvania, which means Penns Woods.
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Quaker Religion Society of Friends
Penn practiced the Quaker religion, and he made
Pennsylvania a colony for others who shared his
beliefs and, like Roger Williams, to those who
believed differently. The Quakers were very
spiritual people and spent many long hours in
worship together. They believed in equality among
gender, race, and religion.
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Immigration
Because they were treated equally, people from
all over Europe began to come to Pennsylvania.
There were those from Germany, France, Scotland,
and other areas from Europe.
And because the Quakers believed in equality,
they were all welcomed to stay there in the New
World.
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A very famous man in our countries history moved
to Pennsylvania from Boston when he was a young
boy. Do you know who this man is?
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North Carolina
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South Carolina
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King Charles II
King Charles II gave a portion of land from North
America to eight English Lords in 1663. The land
was named Carolina in honor of the King. (Carolus
is Latin for Charles). Sometime between 1650
and 1670 Carolina was divided into two different
sea ports. It was then renamed as North Carolina
(1663) and South Carolina (around 1670).
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Rice
Indigo
This was a popular crop in European Cusine
This crop was used to make blue dye for clothing
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Arrghh!!! Give me your gold!!!
The Carolinas also became a hangout for pirates,
such as the infamous Blackbeard
Pirates!!!
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Georgia
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Georgia

• Founded in 1732- by James Oglethorpe
• This was the final of the Thirteen original
  colonies
• It was founded as a place for prisoners from
  England to work and pay off their debts.
• It was named in honor of King George II

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Instead of letting men go to prison and sit in a
cell, Oglethorpe thought they should work on the
land in the Colonies to repay their debts in
England.
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James Oglethorpes idea was good, but the
prisoners had ideas of their own. They wanted to
have the slaves in the south work their land for
them in order to repay their debt.
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Georgia
Florida
Controlled by Spain
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The English and Spanish were in seemingly
constant dispute over lands near Florida and
Georgia
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The Thirteen Original Colonies
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As the colonies grew they became more
disconnected with England, eventually leading to
a long bitter war.