OSSICLES

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OSSICLES

• by
• Claude MASSIN
• PEET Workshop
• Brussels 04-08 December 2006

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OSSICLES

• First drawing Strussenfelt, 1765
• Identified as such Lesson, 1830 (anchor)
• used for taxonomy since 1860
• Change with growth increase in size, diminish in
  size, disappear, become more spiny, change of
  shape
• Neopentadactyla mixta tables with 2 pillars ?
  tables with 4 pillars

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OSSICLES

• Change with growth increase in size, diminish in
  size, disappear, become more spiny, change of
  shape
• Neopentadactyla mixta tables with 2 pillars ?
  tables with 4 pillars
• Pearsonthuria graeffei

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OSSICLES

• Change with growth increase in size, diminish in
  size, disappear, become more spiny, change of
  shape
• Neopentadactyla mixta tables with 2 pillars ?
  tables with 4 pillars
• Pearsonthuria graeffei
• Heterocucumis steineni

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OSSICLES

• Change with growth increase in size, diminish in
  size, disappear, become more spiny, change of
  shape
• Neopentadactyla mixta tables with 2 pillars ?
  tables with 4 pillars
• Pearsonthuria graeffei
• Heterocucumis steineni
• Change between juveniles and sub-adults 1mm to
  20-30mm
• Afrocucumis straki

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Tables

1 pillar ending in one or several

points disc with many peripheral
holes (
Synallactid like)
or 1 pillar ending in several hooks,

disk without peripheral holes
(
Molpadid like)
2 pillars ending each in one or several points or
fused in a single
point, or forming a small crown of spines, disc
circular or
elongated and arched (
Dendrochirotid like)
3 pillars ending in a crown of spine or not (
synallactids,
aspidochirotids,
dendrochirotids)
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Tables
4 pillars ending in a crown
of spines or not
(
dendrochirotids,

aspidochirotids) with the
following subcategories
-

Disc rounded or cruciform (
Synallactid like)
-

(H.
kurti 25-35 mm H.
altimensis 7-9 mm)
-

Edge of the disc smooth, knobbed or spiny
-

Disc without peripheral holes, with few

peripheral holes or with numerous peripheral holes

-
H/W of the tablegtgt1 1 lt1
- Pillars ending in a crown of spines narrower,
equal or larger than the disc
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Tables
-

Crown of spines with a large central opening, a
small
central opening or several central openings
-

Crown of spines forming a circle or forming a
Maltese
cross
-

Pillars fused, smooth and ending
in a single point or spiny and ending
in several points (
Stichopus,

Holothuria)
-

Disc of the table reduced or absent
(
Halodeima) disc of the table well
developed
- 5 pillars or more (
Holothuria (
Metriatyla)
Eostichopus)
- Table transformed in fenestrated sphere
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Pseudo tables
Rocket like table of
Pearsonothuria
graeffei
Pseudo-tables of
Thelenota
spp
Pseudo-tables of

Cladolabes
New names are to be found for these
ossicles
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Buttons
2 -10 pairs of holes with same
diameter on two rows no single

hole at the extremities (angle
of growth 90), with or without

a median longitudinal ridge
Smooth, knobbed or transformed in ellipsoids
Pseudobuttons
As a button but with a single row of holes, a
second row with 1-2 holes can be
present
often irregular and twisted
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Perforated plates
Rounded
-

Tube feet end plate made
of one piece or several pieces
-

Table reduced to the disc
-

-

Lenticular perforated plate

with or without eccentric spire
Baskets small (4 holes), more or less

arched perforated plate with or without

a cross beam, smooth or knobbed
(
dendrochirotids
)
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Perforated plates
Elongated
-

Derived from buttons
(
all the holes with same diameter)
or derived from perforated rods
(
central holes larger than

peripheral holes), with or

without a median longitudinal ridge
-

Racket shape with handle
smooth (
molpadids)
or spiny (
dendrochirotids)
Derived from 2 dimensional
branched
rods (
Stichopus,
Thelenota)

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Rods
-

Simple, rarely bifurcated, spiny or smooth,
straight or curved, without holes (
cf tentacle
rods of many
aspidochirotids)
-

-

Two dimensional large branched
rods, spiny (
Stichopus,
Thelenota)
-

or three dimensional branched rods,
smooth or spiny (most of the
elasipodids)
-

Perforated rods (at the extremities and or along
the axes) (
Holothuria) with or without a
median longitudinal ridge
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Rods
-

Rods non perforated at
the extremities but with
spiny lateral processes
and/or a central perforated
process (
Stichopus)
-

Massive perforated rods
(
at the extremities and/or
along the edges) smooth or spiny
(
Selenkothuria)
-

Small rods from
Actinopyga
spp
and
Bohaschia
spp
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Rods
C-shape rods regular or irregular (irregular look
like rosettes)
-

from
Stichopus
-

from
Apodids
Chiridota
(slender or thick)

- from Holothuria longitudinal muscle
-

from
Stichothuria
S-shape
ossicles
from
Stichopus

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Granules
Spherical or contorted,
non perforated
maximum 10 µm long (
Thelenota)
Miliary granules

-
Spherical, ovoid or elongated
ossicles

made of
tri-dimensional branched rods
covered by numerous granules
(
Dendrochirotids
apodids?)
-

U-shape
ossicles with one
row of external granules (
apodids)
Grains
Spherical or
elongated ,
non
perforated
ossicles


minimum 15 µm across (
Bohadschia)
Elongated or irregular with 1-3 holes
(Bohadschia)
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Rosettes
Small branched rods (angle

of growth 120) with rounded

extremities more or less plump
(
Actinopya
,Bohadschia
,
Stichopus,
dendrochirotids)
Branches of the rods may fuse giving rise to small
perforated plate (4 holes 2 large and 2 small at
the extremities)(
Halodeima)
Pearsonothuria graeffei
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Between grains, rosettes and rods all
intermediary stages
Anchors, anchors plates, wheels , hooks or
sigmoid rods
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QUESTIONS

• What is a pseudo table?
• What is a rosette?
• What is a grain, granule, miliary granule?
• What is a C-shape rod?