Viikki experimental streets

1
Viikki experimental streets

• Built by the City of Helsinki public works
  department and Helsinki University with TEKES
  funding in 2002-2003, co-operation with Tampere
  polytechnic, Infratec Oy, Lemminkäinen Oy,
  Kekkilä Oyj, Fountain Oy, Tihveräinen Oy
• Project leader Eero Nikinmaa
• Planning and building stage Jenni Sirviö
• Helsinki City Pentti Peurasuo
• 2 streets in Viikki area
• Norkkokuja in residential area
• Pasteurinkatu in campus/office area
• 3 sectors with different soil in each street

2
Setup

• Skeletal soils
• Skeleton of smaller (d 32-64mm) or larger (d
  64-140mm) rocks
• 75 to 80 of rocks and 20 to 25 of soil
  (weight)
• in volumetric terms rocks 45 , soil 45 ,
  10 empty space
• different soils
• soil 1 added N minerals that slowly release P
  and K, low on organic matter (less than 6 )
• soil 2 high organic matter content (about 20 ),
  plenty of easily available nutrients
• soil 3 coarse sand, little organic matter (less
  than 6 )
• laboratory tested for load bearing properties
  all equally good
• One meter deep, continuous layer of growth medium

3
Skeletal soil no 2
4
Setup

• pavement 3 different types
• alder (Alnus glutinosa var. pyramidalis) in
  Norkkokuja and linden (Tilia x vulgaris, T. sp)
  in Pasteurinkatu
• 5 trees per treatment in Norkkokuja, 3 in
  Pasteurinkatu
• 3 intensive monitoring points per street
• 8 manual points in Pasteurinkatu, 11 in Norkkokuja

5
Monitoring

• Intensive monitoring in every 5-10 minutes
• Soil automatic
• Temperature profile
• Soil moisture profile
• Soil manual
• Gas concentrations (manually, once per month)
• root development samples every 1-2 years
• soil nutrients, SOM, Pf-curves yrs 2003, 2005,
  2008
• Above ground automatic
• PAR
• Air temp
• Other micrometeorological information from
  Kumpula weather station

6
Monitoring

• Tree automatic
• sap flow needles and collar methods
• trunk growth collar
• Tree manual
• shoot growth manually, 2-3 times/week
• structure, leaf area once per growing season
• gas exchange, net photosynthesis and chlorophyll
  fluorescence in June and August
• leaf nutrient status every 1-2 years
• growth analysis pictures in the beginning and end
  of growing season