Dr. Lyudmila Ivanova, ?????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Dr. Lyudmila Ivanova, ??????

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???????????? ???????. Dr. Lyudmila Ivanova, ??????. Dr. Yehuda Neumark, ??????? ... ???????: ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Dr. Lyudmila Ivanova, ??????


1
???????????? ???????
  • Dr. Lyudmila Ivanova, ??????
  • Dr. Yehuda Neumark, ???????

2
?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????????
  • ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????????
  • ?????? 10 ?????? ? ???? ??????? ? ?????????????
    ?????? (5 ???. ??????? ????????)
  • ???? ????? ????????? ??????????, ? 2025 ???? ???
    ???????? ? 10 ????????? ??????? ????????
  • 70 ???? ??????? ? ????????????? ???????
  • 50 ??????????? ??????????? (650 ???. ???????)
    ????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ? ????????

Source WHO, Tobacco Free Initiative
3
?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????
????????????????
  • ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????????
    ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?
    ????????
  • ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????
    ????????????????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ?????
    ???????????, ??? ? ?????? ?? ????? ? ??????????,
    ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????

Source WHO, Tobacco Free Initiative
4
??????? ??????? ?????????
  • ?????? 4-?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????
  • 80 ??????????? ????? ? ????????????? ???????
  • ????? ??????????? ????????? 1,6 ????. ??????? ?
    2025 ????
  • ??????? ?????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????
    ???????????

Source Curbing the epidemic Governments and
economics of tobacco control. World Bank, 1999
5
??????? ??????? ?????????
  • ??????? ?????????????? ????? ????? ????????????
    ????? ?????????
  • ???????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????
    ?????????? ????? ?????? ? ??????
    ??????????????????? ????????
  • ??????????? ? ?????? ???? ?????????? ? ??????
    ????????? ?? 80 000 ?? 100 000 ??????????
    ?????????? ????????????

Source Curbing the epidemic Governments and
economics of tobacco control. World Bank, 1999
6
?????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? (???.
??????? ? ???)
2000 2030
???????? ?????? 2 3
????????????? ?????? 2 7
? ???? 4 10
?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????
????????? ???????????
Source Peto, Lopez, and others 1997 WDR 1993
7
??????? ????????????? ??????
  • ??????? ?? ??????????????? (??????? ???????????
    ????????? ? ????????) (????. ???)
  • ??? 76,0
  • ???????? 14,7
  • ????????? 6,0
  • ????? 3,5
  • ?????????????? 2,3
  • ?????? 1,6

8
??????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?
????????
  • ???????? ??????
  • ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????
  • ????????? ????
  • ??????????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????
  • ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????
  • ????????????????? ????????
  • ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????
  • ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ?
    ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????

Source The World Bank. Economics of tobacco
control, 1999
9
???????????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????????
  • ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????
    ?? ???? ???????? (???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????
    ? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????) ????? ????
  • 4 ?? 5 ??????????? ?????????????? ? ?????? ?
    ???????????? ??? ????????? ????????
  • ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????
    ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ? ??????
    ?????? ??????? ???????

???????????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ? ????????
???????????? ?? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
??????????
10
???????????? ???????
  • ??????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ?????????
    ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? 50
  • ? ?????, ???? ??????????? ????? ??????????
    ??????? ??????? ? 1999 ???? ????????? 40 (?? 10
    ?????? ??? ? 80-?)
  • ? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????
    ? 18 ?? 30 ?? 1 ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
    ???????????? ???????? ????????. ????? ???????
    ??????? ????? ???????? ? lt2 ?? 9
  • ? ??? ????????? 3 000 ?????????? ???????? ??????

11
??????? ?????? ???????
  • ???????????
  • ????????
  • ???????????? ???????
  • ????????????? ? ??????????????? ????????
  • ????????????? ????????? ? ?????, ???????? ?
    ??????, ???? ?? ?????
  • ??????????? ?????????
  • ?????? ????????????
  • ??????????????, ?????????? ???????? ?? ???????
    ?????
  • ??????? ????????? ? ??????, ????????????
    ????????, ??????????
  • ?????????????????

12
???????? ???????
????????? ??? ??????????
  • ?????????????? ????????
  • ????????????, ?? ??????????????? ???????? ??????
    ???????
  • ????? ??????? ?????? ???????
  • ????????? ????????? ? ?????????????
  • ???????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????
    ????????? (????????? ??????????? ???????), ?????
    ???? ?????????? ???? ? ???????? ? ????????
    ???????? ???????????????

13
???????? ???????
  • ?????? ?????????
  • ?????????? ???????? ? ??????????? ???????????
    ????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ???????????? ??
    ???????? ????????? ?????
  • ???????????
  • ??????????? ??????????
  • ???. ??????
  • ?????
  • ???????????, ??????????
  • ????????
  • ?????? ????????? ? ??????????
  • ??????
  • ???? ?
  • ????????? ?

14
???????? ???????
  • ????????????????? ?????????
  • ??????? ????????????????? 6-12 ???????
  • ??????? ????????? ????????????????? ??????
  • Tar War Program (???) ??????????? ???????????.
    ?????? ????? 4 ???????
  • ????????????? ?????????? -???????????? ?????

15
???????? ???????
  • ?????????? ????????
  • ????????? ????????? ?? ???????, ????????,
    ???????, ?????????? ?? ????????? ???????
    ????????? ????? ? ?????? ???????????
  • ??????? ? ????????? ??????????? (??????
    ??????????? ? ????????? ? ??????????? ???????)
    ????????? ? ???????? 25-60
  • ???????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????????
    ?? 5 ???

16
???????? ?????????
  • ?????? Toward No Tobacco (TNT) ???
  • ?????? 12-13 ?????? ?????????
  • ???? ???????????? ???????
  • ???????? ???? (10 ??????)
  • ????????? ? ??????? 2-? ??????? ???????
    ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? 30
    ? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ????????
    ??????? ?? 60
  • ????????? Life Skills Training ???
  • ?????? 13 ?????? ?????????
  • ???? ???????????? ???????, ????????????
    ?????????? ? ????????
  • ????????? 15 ?????? 10 ???????????? ??????
  • ????????? ???????? ????????????
    ?????????????????? ????????? ?? 25

17
???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????
  • ???????????? ?????????
  • ?????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ????,
    ?????????? ? ???????? ???????? (?????????
    ???????), ?????????????? ?????????
  • ??????????????/????????? ????????
  • ?????? ??????? ?????????
  • ??????????? ???????
  • ???????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ?????????
    ??????????? ??????????
  • ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????
  • ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????
    ?????????????? ? ?????????? ?? ????????????
    ?????? ????????? (? ?????? ?? ???????????, ????,
    ?????????)
  • ?????????? ???????????? ?????????

18
???????? ??????? ?????????
??? ??????????
  • ????????? ??????? ? ??? ?? ????????
    ???????
  • ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ???????? ????
    ??????????? (? ?????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?
    ? ?????????? ???????? ??????)
  • ????????? ???? ?? 10 ???????? ? ???????? ??????
    ?? ???????? ??????? ??
  • 4 ? ???????? ???????
  • 8 ? ????????????? ???????
  • ????????? ? ?????? ???? ????????? ? ??????????
    ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???
  • ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? 2/3 ?? 4/5 ?????????
    ????

Source The World Bank. Economics of tobacco
control
19
? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????
? ?????? ??????? ? ??????, ????????, 1990-1998
Source World Bank, 1999
20
???????? ???????
????????? ??? ??????????
  • ?????? ??????? ? ???????????? ??????
  • ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????
  • ??????? ?? ???????????? ????????
  • ?????? ??????? ???? (???? ????? ???????? ?????)
  • ?????? ??????? ? ???????????? ??????
  • ?????? ??????? ? ??????
  • ????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????

21
???????? ???????
????????? ??? ??????????
  • ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????
  • ???? ?????????? ?? ????????
  • ???????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????????
    ????????? - ?????????????? ???????? ??????? ?
    ???????? ????????
  • ????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????
    ???????, ????????????????????? ??????????? ?
    ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????-???????????

22
???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????
  • ???????? ????????????? ?????
  • ????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????
  • ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ???
    ???????? (?????? ??? ?????)
  • ??????????????? ????
  • ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????
    ????? ? ??????????
  • ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ? ????????????? ???????
    ? ??????? ??????? ???????

23
???????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????
????????
  • ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ??????????? ????????
    ?????? ? ????????? ???????
  • ?????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ?
    ??????????????? ?????????
  • ???????? ???????????????? ????????? ??? ?????
    ?????? (? ???????? ?????)
  • ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???
    ????????
  • ???????? ?????????

Source CDC, 1994
24
???????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????
????????
  • ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?
    ????????
  • ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????
    ?????????
  • ?????????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ????????
    ??????????, ???????????? ??????????? ?
    ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????
    ????????? ?????????? ? ?????? ? ????????

Source CDC, 1994
25
????? COPC ?????? 2004
  • ??????? ?????????? ?????
  • ?????-???? ?????? 67 ??????, 4 ??????
  • ? ????????? ????? ????? 63 ??????, 3,8 ??????
  • 1 ???. ??????? ???????? ???????????
    ????????????? ?????????? ? ????????
  • ????????? 18 ?????? ? 0.5 ??????? ?????
  • 72 ??? ? ???????? 15 ??? ? ?????? ????????????,
    ????? ??? ????????, ??????????? ???????

National prevalence survey, 1996
26
????????? Nay to Yan
  • ???????? ??????????????? ????????? ??? ??????????
    1-6 ??????? ????????? ????? ? ????????? ?????
  • ???? ????????? ????????? ????? 1 ????? ???????
    ????? ?????????? 7-13 ??? ??? ? ?????????? ??????
    ??????? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????????
    ???????????, ? ????? ?????????? ??????????????
    ????????? ? ????????????? ???????? ???????

27
????????? Nay to Yan
  • ??? ????????????
  • ??????????????? ?????????
  • ???????? ???? -12 ??????
  • ??????????? ??????? (????????????? ??????,
    ?????????????? ??????)
  • ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????, ?????
  • ??????????????? ????????? -
  • ???????????? ????????? ?????????

28
???????????? ??????? ? ??????
29
?????????????????? ???????, 2003
?????? ?????????
??????? 67
??????? 10
?????????, 13 ??? 12
?????????, 15 ??? ????? ??????? 17 26
WHO European country profiles on tobacco
control, 2003
30
???????????? ??????? ? ??????, 1999 ??????????
????????????
  • ?????????????????? ???????
  • 67 ?????????? ????? ???? ???????
  • 71 ??????, 62 ???????
  • 31 ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????????
  • ????????? ???????
  • 55 ????????? ? ???? ? ????????????
  • 72 ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????
  • 71 ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?
    ???????????? ??????
  • 35 ???????? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????

CDC. Report on the Results of the Global Youth
Tobacco Survey in RF, 1999
31
???????????? ??????? ? ??????, 1999 ??????????
????????????
  • ????????? ? ???????
  • 23 ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????
    ?????? ??????
  • 15 ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????
    ??????
  • 11 ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????
    ???????????????
  • 5 ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????

CDC. Report on the Results of the Global Youth
Tobacco Survey in RF, 1999
32
???????????? ??????? ? ??????, 1999 ??????????
????????????
  • ??????????? ???????
  • 6 ?????????? ?????? ????? ????
  • 63 ???????? ???????? ? ?????????
  • 81 ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???????? ? ?????????
    ???????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????????? ?????????
    ???????? ???????, ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????
    ???????????

CDC. Report on the Results of the Global Youth
Tobacco Survey in RF, 1999
33
???????????? ??????? ? ??????, 1999 ??????????
????????????
  • ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ??????????
  • 75 ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????????
    ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????
  • 94 ?????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????
    ? ??????? ?????????? ??????
  • 76 ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?
    ???????/???????? ? ??????? ?????????? ??????
  • 17 ???????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ????????
    ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????????

CDC. Report on the Results of the Global Youth
Tobacco Survey in RF, 1999
34
???????????? ??????? ? ??????, 1999 ??????????
????????????
  • ???????????
  • 33 ?????????? ????????, ??? ??????? ????????
    ? ???? ? ????? ???????
  • 23 ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????????
    ???????

CDC. Report on the Results of the Global Youth
Tobacco Survey in RF, 1999
35
???? ?? ???????? ???????
  • ???????????????? ? ??????? ? ???????????????
    ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??
    ???????
  • ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??
    ???????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ?
    ??????????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????
  • ??
  • ?????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ? ?????????????
    ???????? ? ???????
  • ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ??????????
    ???????????
  • ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ???
    ?????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ???????? ?????
    ??? ???????? ?????????

36
???? ?? ???????? ???????
  • ????? ????????? ?? ???????
  • ??????????? ??????????
  • ??????? ?????????
  • ??????????????? ???????????
  • ????????? ?????????, ?? ??????????? ???????
  • ??????,
  • ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????!

37
????????
  • ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ?? ??????
    ????????? (?? ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ???
    ???????)
  • ?????????? ???????? ? ????????????
    ??????????????????? ??????????? ? ???????
    ???????? ??? ???????
  • ?????????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??
    ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??
    ???????? ???????

38
????????
  • ????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ????????
    ???????????? ????????? ??????????
  • ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ????????
  • ??????????????? ????????? ???? ?????
  • 100 000 ??????????
  • 8 000 ????????
  • 31 ????????
  • ??????? JTI 3-? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????
    ? ????

39
??????????
  • ???????? ??????? ? ???????????? ??????? ??????
    ????? ???????????? ??????????????? ? ?????? ? ?
    ????
  • ???????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?
    ????????!
  • ???????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????
    ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????????
    ??????.
  • ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????????? ????
    ??? ????? ???????????? ????????, ?????????? ?
    ??????? ??????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??
    ???????????? ?????? ?????????

40
??????????
  • ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????
    ???????????????? ????????
  • ? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????????? ????
    ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?
    ???????????? ?????? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?
    ???????? ???????
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