Mixtures

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Mixtures

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• A mixture is a combination of two or more
  substances
• most matter occurs as
• a mixture

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Two Types of Mixtures

• 1. Heterogeneous
• 2. Homogeneous

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Heterogeneous Mixtures

• DO NOT look the same throughout
• The individual parts of the mixture are easily
  seen

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• examples
• Italian salad dressing
• freshly squeezed
• orange juice (with pulp)
• vegetable soup

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Two Types of Heterogeneous Mixtures

• Suspensions
• 2. Colloids

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Suspensions

• mixtures with LARGE, EASILY SEEN particles that
  will settle
• example sandy water

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Colloids

• mixtures with medium-sized particles that do NOT
  settle
• colloids have a cloudy appearance
• examples milk
• fog

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Homogeneous Mixtures

• Look the same throughout
• hard to tell its a mixture

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Two Types of Homogeneous Mixtures

• Solutions
• 2. Alloys (solid mixtures)

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Solutions

• homogeneous mixtures with the SMALLEST particles
• particles are too small to be seen with the naked
  eye

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examples

• Kool-aid
• Vinegar
• Salt water
• Air

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Alloys

• solid-solid mixtures
• usually two or more metals

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examples

• brass (copper and zinc)
• 10 kt gold (gold, silver,
• and copper)
• stainless steel (iron,
• nickel, and chromium)

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Why use Alloys?

• Usually cheaper
• Usually stronger

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Tyndall Effect

• A light test used to determine if a mixture is a
  solution (homo) or a colloid (heterogeneous)

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• If the particles in the mixture are large enough
  to scatter light, then you see a light beam

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• If you can see the light beam, then the Tyndall
  Effect is positive
• If you cannot see the light beam, then the
  Tyndall Effect is negative

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How Can You Separate a Mixture?

• 1. easily pick out the parts
• example iron in sand

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• Filtration
• separates a liquid from a solid using filter
  paper

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• 3. Distillation
• separates liquids using the boiling points

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example separating ink
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4. Chromatography Paper

• Use a paper that can separate liquids
• Cheaper and easier than distillation

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Were Finished!