Structure of the Earth

1
Structure of the Earth

• Plate Tectonics

2
Our Changing Earth

• The surface of the earth is always changing.
• What are the two ways in which landform change on
  the surface?
• Weathering
• Erosion
• The landform also change due to the movement of
• the plates.

3
Internal Structure of the Earth

• The internal structures
• of the earth are
• Inner core
• Outer core
• Mantle
• Crust

4
Crust

• Which structure of
• the earth do we live
• on?
• Crust
• The crust is made of
• pieces called plates,
• and it is not hot.

5
Crust

• The crust has cracks, and these cracks are known
  as faults.

6
Crust

• Each separate part of the crust is called a plate
  a tectonic plate.

7
Mantle

• These plates float on a layer of liquid rock
  called the mantle.
• The plates move around slowly on top of the
  mantle.

8
Inner and Outer Core

• The center of the earth is a metal core and it is
  broken into two parts, the inner and the outer
  core.

9
Depth and Temperature
Structure of the Earth Depth Temperature
Mantle 2900 Km 870C
Outer core 5150 Km 4400-6100C
Inner core 6400 Km 7000C
10
Plate Tectonics

• Earths crust are broken into enormous slabs
  called tectonic plates.
• About 200 million years ago, a giant landmass
  existed called pangaea.

11
Pangea Movement

• http//www.geo.wvu.edu/donovan/geol101/animations
  /47.swf
• http//www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/
  content/visualizations/es0806/es0806page01.cfm?cha
  pter_novisualization

12
Plate tectonics

• Slow movement of liquid rock in the mantle causes
  the tectonic plates to move.
• http//education.sdsc.edu/optiputer/flash/convecti
  on.htm

13
Plate Tectonics
14
Tectonic Plates and Earths Active volcanoes
15

• Where are most of the volcanoes
• located?

16
What is a Volcano?

• Volcano is an opening or a vent in the surface of
  the earth through which magma and gases escape.
• Magma is molten rock located beneath the surface
  of the earth.

17
(No Transcript)
18
Volcano Erupting
19
Earthquakes

• http//www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/
  content/visualizations/es1002/es1002page01.cfm?cha
  pter_novisualization
• http//www.pbs.org/wnet/savageearth/animations/ear
  thquakes/index.html

20
Earthquakes

• What causes earthquake?
• When plates rub together along their faults lines
  (the places where they meet).
• Most earthquakes begin deep within the Earths
  surface.
• http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4126809.
  stm

21
Earthquakes

• The amount of energy released by an earthquake is
  called its magnitude.
• When an earthquake occurs at the sea floor, it is
  called tsunami.
• http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/5194316.st
  m

22
Resources

• http//csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/earth/tect
  onics.html
• http//www.stvincent.ac.uk/Resources/EarthSci/Tect
  onics/move.html
• http//geobytesgcse.blogspot.com/2007/01/plates-an
  d-convection-currents.html
• http//www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/cu
  rrent/lectures/evolving_earth/evolving_earth.html
• http//www.mrsciguy.com/eq.html