Life in the United States After the War

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Life in the United States After the War

• What was it like?

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Labor in U.S after WWI

• Conflict between capital and labor
• Workers-regain purchasing power that was lost due
  to inflation
• Employers-halt/reverse wartime gains labor made

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Labor Post WWI

• 1919-4 million workers strike
• Boston-police walked off job
• -Chaos ensued
• -National Guard sent in
• -Gov. Coolidge fired entire police force

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Midwest Labor Strike

• Gary, Indiana
• Employers anti-union
• Hired non union workers to replace those on
  strike
• Violent clash-18 workers killed
• Employers portrayed Union leaders as violent
  people
• Public supported employers

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Red Scare

• Revolution in Russia
• Turn to Socialists in the United States
• -Fear of Radicalism coming here

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Socialism in U.S.

• 1920-1 million people voted Debs for President-he
  was in jail
• Anarchists were at work planning
  attacks-sometimes they were implemented (against
  businesses mainly)

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Revolution in Russia

• Split Socialism in the U.S.
• 1) Socialist-under Debs-Democratic path
• 2)Communist-Lennin Style, dictatorship
• 3) Anarchists-terror to speed Revolution

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Governments Response

• REPRESSION!!!!!
• Sedition laws to punish radicals

Radicals
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Palmer Raids

• Jan.1, 1920
• Fed. Agents broke into homes and meeting places
• Found basically nothing
• 4,000 arrested
• Jailed for no reason
• 600 non-citizens deported

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Palmer

• At first, his credibility suffered among
  government officials
• People began to see there was no real threat
• Lost credibility in public

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Political Atmosphere

• Public attitude changed, political atmosphere did
  not
• Deporting the Reds

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Sacco and Vanzetti

• Arrested for armed robbery and murder (said they
  did not do it)
• Heavy accents and anarchists beliefs turned
  people against them
• Sentenced to death-1927

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Racial Conflict in the U.S

• Blacks returned to segregation
• Hard to find jobs
• Had to deal with
• Lynching in South
• Race riots in North

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Race Riots

• Chicago 1919
• Black teenager-swam too closely to white only
  area
• Whites killed him
• Whites then started to burn homes and stores in
  black neighborhoods
• Blacks fought back

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Marcus Garvey

• Urged blacks to form separate black nation
• Black Nationalism
• Long term-build nation in Africa
• Short Term-economic and cultural independence

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Black Nationalism

• Started United Negro Improvement Association
  (UNIA)
• Help build economic establishments
• -Downfall
• -Arguments with other black leaders
• -Failed business deals-lost UNIA money
• -Deported to Jamaica