NanoBioIT Where weve been and where we are going

1
Nano-Bio-ITWhere weve been and where we are
going

• Christopher A. Royse
• Adjunct Professor, GWU
• Student, GMU BIOMAN
• Deputy Task Leader, SAIC-TRSC

2
Nano-Bio-ITWhere Weve Been

• Throughout History there has been a linkage
  between advances in Information Technology and
  advances in Biotechnology.
• Example
• 1944 Mark I Computer Developed Publication DNA
  as genetic material in bacteria
• 1965 Mini-Computer (PDP 8, DEC)/1966 Genetic code
  defined as sequence of codons
• 1981 IBM PC/Microsoft DOS/1982 First rDNA drug
  approved by FDA (human insulin)
• Mid 1990s WWW/1997 Sheep cloning from adult
  cells
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 9

3
Nano-Bio-ITWhere Weve Been

• Both disciplines push the other yet there is
  very little linkage between the two in budgeting
  and program management
• Linking RD to revenue builds a camp mentality

4
Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• Dr. Francis Collins predictions-next 40 years
  (Natl Institute of Human Genome Research)
• Nano-Bio
• Nano-Bio-IT
• 1-5 Years
• Expansion of molecular diagnostic tests
• Identification of molecular subtypes of major
  disease
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 10

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Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• 10 Years
• Predictive tests for more than 20 genetic
  conditions
• Growing number of molecular targeted therapies
• Pharmacogenomic markers tracking a patients
  responses to drugs
• New imaging probes to assess body functions
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 10

6
Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• 15-25 Years
• Populations to be tested to determine genotypes
  databases to be created
• Tailored drugs for diabetes, hypertension,
  cancer, and other illnesses
• Mass Market therapies-subdivided-different
  genotypes
• Regenerative Medicine (autographs)
• Gene replacement therapy (in utero and adult)
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 10

7
Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• 30 Years
• Aging will be better understood, trials underway
  to increase life span
• Genomics-based healthcare
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 10

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Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• So why is everything so interconnected among the
  three?
• Key areas already being researched
• Drug delivery/discovery
• Tissue and structural repair
• Sensors for monitoring and diagnoses
• Surgical assistance/Robotics

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Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• Drug delivery/discovery
• Buckyballs shaped to fit into cell surface
  receptorscoated with drugs
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 25
• Potential entire new area of physiological
  monitoring and data collection

10
Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• Tissue and structural repair
• Design and modeling
• Sensors for monitoring and diagnoses
• Implantable/circuit sizes drop to 0.01
  micron-DARPA projectmolecules have electrical
  and chemical properties
• Simon and Kotler. Building Global Biobrands.
  Pg. 25

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Nano-Bio-ITWhere We Are Going

• Surgical assistance/Robotics
• Interview with Drs. Hwang and Moon, first to
  clone human embryo
• MOON Also, there is something special about Dr.
  Hwang's lab. It's something in our Korean
  culture. The micromanipulation that we did for
  the cloning, it's a very tedious job. But people
  from our part of the world are very patient, and
  that helped. Our researchers had an almost
  Zen-like sense of concentration they could sit
  for 10 hours in one spot and carefully manipulate
  the eggs. It was almost like a meditation.
• Dreifus, C. 2 Friends, 242 Eggs and a
  Breakthrough. NYT. 17 FEB 2004, D1

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Nano-Bio-ITSo, whats the concern?

• Everyone of these
• Key areas already being researched
• Drug delivery/discovery
• Tissue and structural repair
• Sensors for monitoring and diagnoses
• Surgical assistance/Robotics
• Has a potential Application to an Offensive (to
  Humans) Biological Warfare Program

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Nano-Bio-ITSo, whats the concern?

• Drug delivery/discovery
• Research underway potentially improves components
  of offensive (to Humans) delivery
  techniques-requires advance modeling and large
  databases
• Tissue and structural repair
• Degeneration-hardware
• Sensors for monitoring and diagnoses
• Potential to circumvent current/emerging
  technologies-software
• Surgical assistance/Robotics
• Reduces the need for humans in BSL areas for
  micromanipulation-wireless

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Nano-Bio-ITSo, what can be done?

• We are on the edge of a new scientific frontier
  combining the advances of the end of the 20th and
  the beginning of the 21st centuries-three fields
  converging
• We should learn from the past-it is no secret
  that Bio-IT advances have a historical
  relationship
• Nor is it a secret that there are people aiming
  to obtain or improve upon existing offensive (to
  Humans) biological warfare programs

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Nano-Bio-ITSo, what can be done?

• Should learn from history
• Should develop internationally accepted standards
  and protocols for work among these disciplines,
  due diligence protocols, and punishments for
  nefarious uses
• Should fund the development of capabilities to
  conduct forensic examinations of items (evidence)
  which is derived from a combination of these
  disciplines

16
References

• Dreifus, Claudia. 2 Friends, 242 Eggs and a
  Breakthrough. The New York Times. February 17,
  2004 D1.
• Simon, Francoise and Philip Kotler. Building
  Global Biobrands. Free Press, NY, NY, 2003.
• Yang, Frank ISTN. Presentation Nanotechnology
  The Life Sciences. October 3, 2003 Northern
  Virginia Technology Council, BioMedTech Committee.

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Nano-Bio-IT

• Chris Royse
• Adjunct Professor, GWU
• Student, GMU BIOMAN
• Deputy Task Leader, SAIC-TRSC
• Deputy Task Leader
• SAICs Threat Reduction Support Center
• Chrisroyse1_at_comcast.net
• Croyse_at_gmu.edu
• 202-413-4457 Cell