Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

1
Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

• Technishe Universiteit Eindhoven
• from 3nd April to 5th May
• College 4W100
• room MA-1.50
• Lectures tue/wen/thu 1330-1515

2
Week 18
10 - Drilling a well How we can produce oil gas
from underground ? Drilling technology is the key
to reach the deep reservoirs and to produce from
its.
11 - The well completion and its
performance These series of lectures regard the
key element in the production the well. The well
is the part of the production system who links
reservoir and surface. Knowing the performance of
the well is possible to define the possible
limits in production as well as the work-over
intervention to enhance it
12 - The surface facilities gathering systems
and treatments of oil and gas The final step in
production are the surface treatments before
selling the produced oil gas. The lectures are
focused on the description of basic treatment
components and on the most common procedure in
treating oil gas.
3
The well completion and its performance
4
Production system
Surface equipment
Well
Reservoir
5
Perforating the casing
6
Perforations
7
Single string compeltion
8
Multiple zonecompletion
9
Dual string completion
10
Well completion and well head
11
Christmas tree Well head
12
IPR and driving mechanisms

• The PI is defined as
• the IPR represent the dependency of the PI from
  pressure
• From the following identity is clear the link
  between PI and change in reservoir pressure

13
Tubing Performance Relationship

• The TPR represents all possibile flow conditions
  through the tubing
• Different tubing diameters or configurations
  produce different curves
• the choice must be operated comparing the results
  through the overall performance of the well, the
  Vertical Lift Performance (VLP)

14
Choke valves
Positive choke
MOV choke
Trim stem choke
15
The choke valve CPR

• The choke valve operates in choking conditions
• Choking conditions are obtained when increasing
  the pressure drop the flow rate doesnt
• In choked flows the up-stream parameters are not
  influenced by the changes in downstream
  parameters

16
From Bottom Hole to Well Head

• Knowing the IPR is possible to build from TPR the
  Pressure Well Head Curve

IPR
TPR
Pressure bottom hole
Oil flow rate
17
Choke sizing

• Having the oil flow rate to be produced, from
  PWHC is possible to know which is the Pwh
• Comparing with the different curves of CPR the
  appropriate choke diameter will be identified
• The downstream pressure must be verified if is
  sufficient for the fluid handling up to the oil
  center

Pressure well head
PWHC
CPR
Oil flow rate
18
Overall perfomance
19
Subsummersible pumps
20
Gas lift pumping
21
Sucker rod pumps