SAFE CHEMICAL HANDLING

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SAFE CHEMICAL HANDLING
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SAFE CHEMICAL HANDLING
OSHA TRAINING
OSHA 29 CFR 1910
WELCOME
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BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
THE BOTTOM LINE TRAINING YOU TO BE
KNOWLEDGEABLE OF HOW TO LOWER YOUR
LIFETIME WORKPLACE EXPOSURE AND DOSAGE TO THE
CHEMICALS AND TOXIC MATERIALS YOU ARE POTENTIALLY
EXPOSED TO IN YOUR DAILY WORKING LIFE!
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REGULATORY STANDARD
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
29CFR - 1910 - 106
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
106 - FLAMMABLE AND
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
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REGULATORY STANDARD
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
29CFR - 1910 - 1200
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
1200 - HAZCOM STANDARD
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
• Follow Local Job Procedures.
• Review the Relative Material Safety Data Sheet.
• If You Have Questions Consult Your Supervisor.

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GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EVERYTHING IS TOXIC IT ALL DEPENDS ON THE DOSE

• HOW WELL THE BODY ACCEPTS A SUBSTANCE DEPENDS ON
  
• THE TYPE OF SUBSTANCE
• THE AMOUNT (DOSE) ABSORBED
• THE PERIOD OF TIME OVER WHICH IT IS ABSORBED
• THE SUSCEPTIBILITY/SENSITIVITY OF THE PERSON
  EXPOSED

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GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY

• DEGREE OF HARM TO BODY DEPENDENT ON
• CONDITIONS OF USE
• PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CHEMICAL
• ROUTES OF EXPOSURE
• DURATION OF THE EXPOSURE
• CONCENTRATION OF THE CONTAMINANT IN AIR
• INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE EXPOSED PERSON
• TOXICITY OF THE CHEMICAL

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STATES OF MATTER

• CHANGE OF STATE CAN OCCUR DUE TO
• HEAT
• COLD
• ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
• INTERACTION WITH OTHER CHEMICALS

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STATES OF MATTER

• AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS
• FUME
• DUST
• MIST

• VAPOR
• GAS
• SMOKE

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TYPES OF PROCESSES

• OPEN
• CLOSED

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TYPES OF PROCESSES
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HANDLING GASES
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HANDLING GASES
GASES - PRE-OPERATION SAFETY 1. Inspect
cylinder for damage before use. 2. Ensure in
use label is present. 3. Ensure all labels and
warnings are readable. 4. Place upright on
stable dry surface. 5. Ensure cylinder is
restrained above mid-point. 6. Keep heat,
flame, and electricity away from cylinder. 7.
Operate in accordance with local safety
procedures.
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HANDLING GASES
GASES - POST-OPERATION SAFETY 1. Ensure
empty or like label present. 2. Remove from
operation following procedures. 3. Ensure valve
closed completely and cap cylinder. 4. Never
roll, transport cylinders using handtruck. 5.
Never underestimate hazards associated with
compressed gases.
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STORING GASES

• GASES - STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
• Store only in designated areas.
• Store and use on a first-in, first-out basis.
• Never store without proper labeling.
• Identify all empty cylinders.
• Store like gases with like gases.
• Separate empty cylinders from full ones.
• Store within proper temperature ranges.

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STORING GASES

• GASES - STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
• Store outside when possible.
• Protect from weather and direct sunlight.
• Ensure storage areas meets guidelines.
• Never store where temperature can rise to 130f.
• Place caps on stored cylinders.
• Store valve end up in a secure area.
• Inspect and properly tag defective cylinders.

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STORING GASES

• THE BOTTOM LINE
• Follow all safety guidelines.
• Review current storage requirements.
• Know - compressed gas association rules.
• Know - NFPA rules.
• Know - OSHA rules.
• Know - the local policy.
• Never underestimate compressed gases!

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HANDLING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS

• TYPES AND DEFINITIONS
• Flashpoint - minimum ignition temp. for
  ignitable vapor
• Flammable - flashpoint below 100 deg. (F.)
• Combustible - flashpoint at or above 100 deg.
  (F.)
• Pyrophoric - can ignite spontaneously
• Flammable range - vapor/air ratio that will
  burn
• Volatility - tendency to change to vapor state

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HANDLING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
STORING FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS

• LEVELS OF STORAGE
• HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE FACILITY
• IN-PLANT STORAGE CABINETS
• TOTES, DRUMS/BARRELS
• PORTABLE CONTAINERS

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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS

• HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE FACILITY

• Dedicated fire suppression system
• Make-up air
• Exhaust ventilation
• Explosion-proof lighting and heating
• Floor drains
• 2-Hour fire rating on structure
• Proper signage and safety procedures

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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS

• TOTES, DRUMS AND BARRELS

• Should be moved to storage ASAP
• Make best use of just-in-time system
• Bonding wires must be used
• Local fire codes must be considered
• Bonding - container to container
• Grounding - container to structural ground
• No ignition sources within 25 feet

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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS

• PORTABLE CONTAINERS

• Bond from drum to container during transfer
• Store in safety cabinets when not in use
• Check for leak-tightness
• Check for serviceable vent mechanism
• Do not remove flame arrester screens
• Do not overfill (high temps will cause
  overflow)
• Follow warnings and safety procedures

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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS

• AFFECT OTHER MATERIALS BY CONTACT
• Acids and bases affect material by contact
• Acids and bases affect each other
• Oxidizers increase hazard during fires

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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
DOT DEFINITION OXIDIZER
A material such as a chlorate, permanganate, or
inorganic peroxide that will give off oxygen
readily to stimulate the combustion of organic
material.
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS

• OXIDIZERS

• Provide oxygen for combustion
• React violently with flammables and
  combustibles
• Must be kept separate from all other classes of
  materials

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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
DOT DEFINITION CORROSIVE
A liquid or solid that causes visible Destruction
or irreversible damage To skin tissue at the
point of contact, Or that has a severe corrosion
rate on steel.
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
OSHA DEFINITION
CORROSIVE
A chemical that causes visible destruction of, or
irreversible alterations in living tissue by
chemical action at the site of contact.
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS

• ACIDS AND
  BASES
• - pH. THE pH OF A LIQUID IS THE NUMERICAL
  MEASURE
• OF ITS RELATIVE ACIDITY OR ALKALINITY. THE RANGE
• IS FROM 0 - 14 WITH A NEUTRAL LEVEL EXPRESSED AS
• A pH OF 7.0.
• ABOVE 7.0 THE LIQUID IS MORE ALKALINE OR
  BASIC.
• BELOW 7.0 THE LIQUID IS MORE ACIDIC.

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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
ACIDS AND BASES

• COMMON ACIDS (pH 0-6)
• HYDROCHLORIC ACID
• HYDROFLUORIC ACID
• NITRIC ACID
• PHOSPHORIC ACID
• CHROMIC ACID

• COMMON BASES (pH 8-14)
• SODIUM HYDROXIDE (LYE)
• SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (BLEACH)
• AQUEOUS AMMONIA
• POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE (POTASH)
• AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE

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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
ACID
BASE
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STORING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS

• STORAGE

• Inspect before placing in storage
• Separate acids from bases
• Separate acids bases from other materials
• Use drip pans under containers
• Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Use correct dilutions sequences
• Use approved storage containers

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HANDLING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS

• HANDLING

• Can react with themselves or other materials
• Water and air reactives are greatest concern
• Know the adverse health effects
• Restrict access to these materials
• Carefully review storage requirements
• Ensure sufficient training levels achieved
• Use adequate personal protective equipment
• Use approved storage containers

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HANDLING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
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STORING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS

• STORAGE

• Inspect before placing in storage
• Separate from incompatibles
• Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Use approved storage containers

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HANDLING REACTIVE LIQUIDS

• HANDLING

• Know the adverse health effects
• Know the reactive nature of the material
• Separate from incompatibles
• Restrict access to these materials
• Carefully review storage requirements
• Ensure sufficient training levels achieved
• Use adequate personal protective equipment
• Use approved storage containers

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HANDLING REACTIVE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
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STORING REACTIVE LIQUIDS

• STORAGE

• Inspect before placing in storage
• Separate from incompatibles
• Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Use approved storage containers

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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS
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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS

• TRANSFER

• Manual method
• Mechanical method
• Follow safety procedures
• Avoid suspending particles
• Use dust control techniques

• HAZARDS

• Dust primary hazard

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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS
TIME TO FALL 1 FOOT

• PARTICLE SIZE

0.25 1.00 5.00
590.0 MINUTES 54.0 MINUTES 2.5 MINUTES
SHAPE IS A FACTOR
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STORING SOLID MATERIALS

• STORAGE

• Inspect container before placing in storage
• Separate from incompatibles
• Use mechanical devices to lift heavy bags
• Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Protect from contamination in storage
• Use exhaust ventilation
• Empty bags have residual product inside
• Use approved storage containers

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EMPTY CONTAINER MANAGEMENT

• HANDLING AND DISPOSAL

• Inspect container for product residuals
• Do not use empty containers as trash cans
• Check with environmental management
• Triple rinse reusable containers
• Remember - residual product is hazardous too
• Follow local procedures
• Check with supervisor if policy is unclear