Indian Card money collection

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Class Topics
Title Biology 10/4/07
Objectives

• To learn about the energy stored in chemical
  bonds found in common foods - calorimetry

• Handouts

• Indian Card money collection
• Calorimetry Lab
• Whatever you are, be a good one."
• Abraham Lincoln

Saturday, November 14, 2009 340 AM
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Class Assignments
By When
What

• Calorimetry Prelab 10/4/07
• Calorimetry lab report 10/10/07
• Due this class period
• Due next class period
• Due in the future

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• Use the Indian Card time to review the procedure
  in preparation for the calorimetry lab
• A data table is needed in the results section

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• Mass the whole apparatus before and after burning
• Foil, cork, pin, food/ash
• Using a scale
• on/tare allows the weight to go back to 0
• Dont let the thermometer rest on the bottom of
  the test tube
• Use a very small piece of walnut
• Dont let the water boil
• Keep the thermometer in the water while burning
• Use a different test tube each time (rotate them)

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Calorimetry Lab

• Each person turns in their own lab
• Safety
• Jobs
• Masser
• Burner
• Temperature
• Each job should be rotated each time
• All math is computed on your own

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Math of Calorimetry

• Calorie
• Amount of energy needed to raise one gram of
  water 1? C
• Kcal formula on board
• Kcal / Gram
• Total Kcal measured in sample
• Change in mass of the sample

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Amino Acids
From http//www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk/notebook/c
ourses/guide/aa.htm
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Calorimetry results

• Data table

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Nucleic Acids

• Monomer is nucleotide
• sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), phosphate, base
• molecules of hereditary information
• code (blueprint) for proteins
• DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid
• Contains hydrogen bonds
• RNA - Ribonucleic acid

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From http//www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/sma
ll_orgMols.html
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Chemical Reactions

• Active site
• Substrate
• Enzyme performance
• pH
• temperature

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Enzymes

• Speed up reactions
• Needed in small quantities
• Reaction specific
• Optimum pH
• Varies on enzymes location
• Ex. Stomach or mouth
• Optimum Temperature
• Most in body work best from 35-39C

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How does an enzyme work?

• Decrease activation energy (graph)
• Normally energy in form of heat or pH
• Provides area for chemical reaction to take place
• Substrate fits into active site
• Precise fit, catalyst for only 1 reaction
• Lock and key theory
• Much less energy needed to join or break
  reactants
• Products produced more quickly