CH' 8 JAPAN

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CH. 8JAPAN
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GEOGRAPHY

• A LARGE GROUP OF ISLANDS
• MOST PEOPLE LIVE IN THE FLAT AREA NEAR THE WATER

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CULTURE

• Lots of seafood in their diets
• Separated from other people - they were able to
  develop their own, unique culture
• Influenced by China Korea

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AINU

• Maybe they came from Russia???
• Had their own language and looked different from
  all other Japanese people
• Eventually driven to Hokkaido

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1ST JAPANESE

• Lived south of the Ainu
• Small farming villages ruled by clans (extended
  families)
• Each clan had a chief political religious
  ruler

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RELIGION

• Clan chiefs were descendants of nature spirits
  called KAMI
• The Japanese people
• honored the Kami ancestors
• SHINTO the
• traditional religion of Japan
• Everything in nature
• has Kami

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GOD OF WIND
GOD OF WEALTH
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EMPERORS

• Clans werent equal
• The more powerful clans would conquer their
  neighbors
• Yamato
• great military strength
• claimed to be descendants of Kami, the goddess
  of the sun
• They began to call themselves the emperors of
  Japan

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From china Korea

• CHINA
• Written language
• Confucianism

• KOREA
• Buddhism

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PRINCE SHOTOKU

• One of Japans greatest leaders
• 593-621
• A regent a person who rules a country for
  someone who is unable to rule themselves

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• Admired Chinese culture
• Sent scholars to study in China
• Spread Buddhism built temple
• Wrote about Buddhism
• Wanted Japans emperors to have more power like
  China but that didnt happen

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REVIEW

• What types of landforms cover most of Japan?
• How did Japans location separate it from the
  culture of China and Korea?
• How did Japans location tie it to China and
  Korea?
• How did Yamato rulers gain power?

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8.2ART CULTURE IN HEIAN

• Heian city where the Emperor and Empress lived
  lots of people followed them there
• Court a group of nobles who live near and serve
  or advise the ruler
• Lived apart from commoners
• Dwellers among the clouds

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• Nobles loved beauty and elegance
• Nobles were supporters of the arts gave lots of
  money to them
• 794-1185 Golden Age of the arts in Japan

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FASHION

• Silk robes
• Gold jewelry
• Decorative fans
  painted with flowers, trees,
  birds

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LITERATURE

• Popular among women
• Diaries journals
• Women wrote in Japanese
• Men wrote in Chinese

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Lady Murasaki Shikibu

• The Tale of Genji the worlds first full length
  novel
• Poetry parties tanka poems
• (31 syllables)
• 5-7-5-7-7

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Saying Goodbye
Carefully I walkTrying so hard to be braveThey
all see my fearDark glasses cover their eyesAs
mine flow over with tears 
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VISUAL ARTS

• Paintings
• bright, bold colors
• Illustrations of stories
• Nature scenes
• Court life
• Painted on doors furniture

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• Calligraphy

Decorative writing
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Architecture

• Copied Chinese buildings/temples
• Wooden frames unpainted
• Thatched roofs
• Elegant gardens ponds

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PERFORMING ARTS

• Musicians, jugglers, acrobats
• Wild fun
• Plays where they
• mimicked people

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a more serious drama combining music, speaking
dance about Japans past heroes
Noh
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BUDDHISM

• Nobles loved elaborate rituals too expensive
  for commoners
• Common people Pure
• Land Buddhism chanted
• Buddhas name over and over
• to achieve salvation
• Zen self-discipline
• meditation

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REVIEW

• Where did Japans court move in the late 700s?
• Why was the period of 794-1185 called the
  Golden Age?
• What are 2 forms of Buddhism that developed in
  Japan?

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8.3MILITARY SOCIETY

• Emperors were very wrapped up in their own
  courtly life Dwellers among the clouds
• They didnt notice all the problems the rest of
  the country was facing
• Fighting over land, lack of food, bandits
  thieves

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SAMURAI -1100

• Daimyo (land owners) hired Samurai to protect
  their land
• Samurai trained professional warriors

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• Most were from noble families and inherited the
  position from their fathers
• Main job to serve their lords (the Daimyo)
• They were paid with land
• or food

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SHOGUNS

• The nobles didnt really like the way the
  emperors were running things
• 2 groups of nobles fought against each other for
  power - 1150
• 1192 - Minamato clan won the leader of this
  clan became the real leader of Japan the Shogun

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• The Shogun wanted to keep the emperor as a
  figurehead (someone who appears to rule but the
  power rested with someone else)

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• Since the Shogun were military rulers, they liked
  the Samurai
• Samurai got privileges
• Respect from commoners
• Couldnt go to the theater or take part in trade
  it was considered beneath them

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BUSHIDO

• THE SAMURAI CODE OF RULES
• The way of the warrior
• Required them to be brave honorable
• Live simple, disciplined lives intricate flower
  arrangements, mini bonsai trees, tea ceremonies,
  Zen Buddhism loyalty to his lord (honor)

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MODERN SAMURAI

• NO MORE SINCE 1800s
• Loyalty, honor, dedication discipline still
  very important traits for Japanese
• Seen in posters, advertisements, movies, video
  games

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SIORDIA DEREK Active English
SIORDIA DEREK Active English
SIORDIA DEREK Active English
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Order breaks down

• 1274 Mongols attack from China (Kublai Khan)
  Japan was saved by a kamikaze
• 1281 Mongols came again another kamikaze
• Many nobles were upset because they didnt get
  credit for defeating the Mongols

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• Emperor wanted some power back
• Shogun wasnt liked anymore
• Daimyo ruled as if they each had their own
  country