Chapter 19 Section 2

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Chapter 19 Section 2

• China limits European contact

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• I. Ming Dynasty
• A. 1368-1644
• B. Drove out the Mongols
• C. Regular tribute
• D. Expect the same from the Europeans
• II. Hongwu
• A. Peasant farmer- First Ming Emperor
• B. Erase everything Mongol
• C. Agriculture
• D. Make China Strong
• E. Confucius promotion system and morals
• F. Brought peace to the people
• G. North and South
• 1. South- Rice growing and seaports
• 2. North- Heartland
• H. Tyrant towards the end

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• III. Yonglo
• A. Son- 1398
• B. Reforms continue- Elementary schools for all
• C. Curious about the outside world
• 1. Increase tribute lands
• 2. Forbidden City (Royal palace)
• 3. 250 acres in Peking- Emperor and his court
• D. Grand (Star?) Fleet
• 1. Zheng He
• 2. Chinese Muslim
• 3. 7 voyages from China to the Indian Ocean
• 4. 100-300 ships
• 5. 30,000 crew
• 6. Treasure ships (50 yards wide-120 yards long
• 7. Purpose
• a. Diplomacy (tribute)
• b. trade
• c. Learning

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• 8. Huge amounts of tribute and good to be sold
• a. Giraffe etc
• 9. 1434- death
• 10. New emperors and new ideas
• 11. 1500 illegal to build large junks
• 12. Burned records
• 13. Portuguese replace the Chinese, power vacuum
• IV. The Ming
• A. Limit outsiders
• B. Canton, Macao, Ningbo
• C. Black Market
• D. Anti-merchants and pre-farmers
• E. Dont trust the Europeans (Jesuits)

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• F. Dynastic Cycle- Last emperor hung himself
• G. Manchus- as much Chinese as the Chinese
• V. Qing Dynasty
• A. Kept social structure
• B. Kangxi
• 1. Social stability- (1644-1912)
• 2. Lead attack on the Mongols (people loved
  him)
• C. Qian-long (grandson)
• 1. Largest dynasty (land)
• 2. Conquered Korea
• D. No mixed marriage
• E. Braided hair
• VI. Men over Women
• VII. Shut themselves off- Middle kingdom

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Chapter 19 Section 3

• Japan returns to Isolation

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• I. Kamakura Shogunate (1200s)
• A. Local leaders take power
• B. Pay Samurais-Shogun could not
• C. 1467- Civil War
• D. More division of ruled lands
• II. Sengoku Period of Warring States
  (1467-1568)
• A. Daimyo- Warrior Chiefs
• B. Feudalism
• C. Emperor has no real power
• D. power struggle

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• III. Oda Nobunaga
• A. Took Kyoto (capitial) in 1568
• B. Rule the Empire by Force
• C. European Weapons
• 1. Destroyed enemy samurai
• 2. Could not capture all of Japan
• 3. 1582- seppuku
• a. own general
• IV. Toyotomi Hideyoshi
• A. Peasant farmer
• B. Almost finished Odas work
• C. Force and political skill
• 1. No weapons
• 2. fair tax
• D. Korea-1592
• 1. Really wants to attack Ming controlled China

Osaka-Jo
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• 2. Two attempts- two failures
• E. 1598- Died and withdrew from Korea
• V. Tokugawa Ieyasu
• A. Finished Odas work- 1600 AD
• B. Moved capital to Edo (Toyko)
• C. Daimyos are local rulers.
• 1. Every other year in captial
• 2. Families stay in Edo- hostage?
• D. Laws take hold
• E. Tokugawa Shogunate till 1867
• 1. Brought peace and stability

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• F. Life in Tokugawa Japan
• 1. Emperor
• 2. Shogun- real power
• 3. Daimyo
• 4. non-landholding Samurai
• 5. Farming Peasants
• 6. Merchants
• 7. Confucius ideas in Japan (farming is key)
• 8. Some outlets for women- still a mans world
• 9. theatre (kabuki) and haikus

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• G. Portuguese- Warring state period
• 1. 1543- ship wrecked Port. Sailor
• 2. quick trading agreement
• 3. Odas military advantage
• a. musket
• b. Soon making their own
• c. no more castles
• H. Missionaries
• 1. Francis Xavier- Jesuit
• 2. 300,000 by 1600
• 3. 1612 Ieyasu banned Christianity
• 4. 1616- died but still repressed Christianity
• 5. 1637- Revolt- Christians are to blame
• 6. forced out or killed

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• VI. Closed Country Policy
• A. 1639-Sealed borders to control European goods
  and IDEAS!
• B. Nagasaki
• 1. Dutch and Chinese only
• 2. trade monopoly for Shogun
• 3. 200 years of isolation
• 4. illegal to leave
• 5. No one cared