ITRS03:

1
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2
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  ?????????????? ???????? ????
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• ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????????
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• ???????? ?????????? ?.????????, ?????????? ??
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  ???????
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3
????????? ???? ? ???????
4
ITRS03 ??????? ????????
5
ITRS03 ????????
6
????????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????????
????????
7
??????????????? ?????????

• ???????? ?? ?????????????? ??????????
  ????????????
• ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ?
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• ???????????? ???????????? ???????????, ??? ??????
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• ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????
  ????????

8
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• ???????????? ?????? ???????.
• ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????????
  ??????? ????.
• ???????? ?????????? ?.????????, ?????????? ??
  ???????
• ?????? ??????? ?????????
• ????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????????
  ???????
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9
??????????? ?????
Prashant Saxena, Noel Menezes, Pasquale Cocchini,
Desmond A. Kirkpatrick The Scaling Challenge
Can Correct-by-Construction Design Help?,
ISPD03, April 6-9, 2003, Monterey, California,
USA.
10
??????? ?????, ????????? ???????????
11
ITRS05 ????????
12
???????? ??????????????

• ???????????????? (?? ?????????????? ?????????)
• ???????????? (???????????????? ??????????? ? ??)
• ????????????? (?? ??????? ???????????)
• ??????????
• ????????????????

13
???????????? ??????? ??????? ????
????
?????? ????????
???????????
??????????
?????????
?????????????
RTL
14
???????????? ??????? ??????? ????
????
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???????????
??????????
?????????
?????????????
RTL
15
??????? ????????????? ??????? ????
16
??????????? ???????????? ?????
17
?????? ????????????? ???????

• ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????
  ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ???????. ??????
  ????????? ??????.
• ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????
  ?? ????????.

18
???? ???????

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  ?????????????? ???????? ????
• ???????????? ?????? ???????.
• ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????????
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19
??????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ?? ????????
??????????

• ????????? ????????? ?????
• ????????? ????
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• ???????? ?????????? ?????

• ??????
• ????????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??
  ?????????? ?????
• ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????????
  ?????? ???????????????? ? ????????? ??????.

Malgorzata Marek-Sadowska, Qinghua Liu A Study
of Netlist Structure and Placement Efficiency,
ISPD04, April 6-9, 2004, California, USA.
20
???? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ?????
?????????? ?????, ?????????? ?? ????? ???????????
???????, ??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????
???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???
?????????????? ???????
?.??????, ???????????? ????????????? ???????
?????????? ????????? ???? ? ??????????? ??
????????? ?????. ????????? ??????, ????, 2004.
21
??????? ? ???????? ?????????
?????????????? ???????? ??????????
?????????, ???????? ?????
??????? ????????
????? ??????????
????? ????? ?? ????? ? ??????
??????????????
22
?????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????

• ?????? ???????? h
• ???. ???????? ?????? ???????? w
• ????????? ?????? ???????? dw

23
?????????

• ????????? ???? ???????? (V, E), ??? V
  ????????? ?????? (vehicles), E ????????? ?????
  (edges).
• ????? (circuit) ?????????, ? ??????? ???????
  ????????????? ????????? ?????, ? ?????
  ?????????????? ?????

????
24
????????? ??????????
??????????? ?????????
????? ????
??????????? ?????
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25
??????????? ????????? ?????
??????

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• ????? ???? ? ???????? ???????, ? ???????? ??
  ????????
• ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?
  ???????? ???????? ??????????????? ????

?????
26
?????? ???????? ??????????

• ???????
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• ????? ???? ?? ????? ? ??????
• ????? ?????????? (?????????, ? ??? ??????? ??
  ???????????)
• ??????????????
• ????????? c????????? (congestion)

27
?????????? ?????
??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ? ?????????
?????? ????? (T) ?? ?????????? ????????? ? ????
?????? (G)
p ????????? ????? (Rents exponent)
28
????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????
? ?? ??????????
Capo
????????? ??????????
mPL
Dragon
29
????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????
? ?? ??????????
Capo
??????? ????? ??????????
mPL
Dragon
30
????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????
? ?? ??????????
Capo
??????? ????? ????
mPL
Dragon
31
????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????????????? ????
? ?? ??????????
32
????????? ???????????????? ????????????
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?????????? ?????????? ????, ??????? ????????

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  ????? ??????????? ???????.
• ? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????
  ?????? ??????????? ? ????????? ???????, ????????
  ?? ?? ?????????.

33
???? ???????

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34
?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ???
?????????? ???????? ????????

• ???? ?????? ???????? T1(P1?S1,E1), ????????? ??
  P1 ???????? ????? ???? ????? (???????? ? ????), ?
  S1 ?????????????? ?????, ????????? ????? ?????
  ??????? E1, ??????????????? ???????? C, ?
  ????????? ????? P2 ???? ????? (???????? ? ????).
  ?????????? ?????????? ????????? S2 ??????????????
  ?????, ?????, ??? ?????? T2(P2 ? S2,E2) ?????
  ????????????? ???????? C.

?.?. ???????? ????? ?????????? ????????
????????, ?????????? ?? ??????? // ?????
????????????? ??????-??????????? ???????????
???????????????? ??????? (IEEE AIS02) ?
???????????????? ???? CAD-2002. 2002
35
???????? ?????? ???????? ????????, ??????????????
? ????????? ???????????

• ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ????????? ????
• ?????????????????? ???????? ????????? M ????? ??
  ????????? ?????????? ???????

36
?????? ?????????????????? ???????
37
????? ?????? ???????? ????????, ?????????????? ?
????????? ???????????

• ?????????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?
  ???????????? Lp ????? ?? ???????????????????
  ?????????
• ?????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ? ?????
  ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??-?? ??????????????
  ?????????, ??????? ???? ??????????? ????????????
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• ????? G ???????????? M ??????????? l, ?????
  ???????????? ?????????????????? ???????
  ???????????? ??????????

38
????????? ?????? ?????????

39
????? 2
40
???? ???????

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  ?????????????? ???????? ????
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41
???????? ??????????
42
???????? ? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????????

• ????????? ????? ?????????? (HPWL)
• ??????????????-??????????????? ??????????? (DRC)
• ?????????????? (congestion)
• ????????
• ???????????? ????????

43
?????????? ? ?????????? (1)

• ??????????? 4-10M ?????, 1000 ?????-??????
• ???? ????????????? ????????? ports/pads/pins
  fixed cells
• ?????????? ?????-??????, ????????, ? ??????????
  ?????????? ?????/??????
• ??????????? ????? ????
• ???? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????????????
• ????????? ????????? ????????(?? 25 ?? 100
  ??????? ???????), ICCAD 02

44
?????????? ? ??????????(2)

• ECO (Engineering Change Order) ??????????
• ????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????
• ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????
  ?????????
• ??????????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????
  ?????????? ???????
• ??????????? ? ?????????? ????????
• ??????????? ? ???????????? ???????? ??????????
  ????????? (sizing)
• ??????????? ? ????????????

45
???????? ???????????
46
??????? ???????? ??????????????

• Horizontal vs. Vertical wirelength
• HPWL WLHWLV
• ??? ?????????? ? ?????????? HPWL????? ?????
  ?????? ???????????? WLH ? WLV
• ????????????? ????????????? ??????????????
• Bhatia et al DAC 02
• Lou et al - ISPD 00, TCAD 01
• Carothers Kusnadi ISPD 99

47
?????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ?????? ????
?? ??????
????? ??????
48
??????? ??????????????? ???????
49
?????????????? ???????????
50
?????? ?????? ????????? ? ???? ?????? ?????????
????????????????
51
????????? ??????

• ????????? ?????? NP-??????? ?????? (C. K.
  Wong, 1984)

52
???? ???????

• ??????????????? ????????? ? ????????
  ?????????????? ???????? ????
• ???????????? ?????? ???????.
• ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????????
  ??????? ????.
• ???????? ?????????? ?.????????, ?????????? ??
  ???????
• ?????? ??????? ?????????
• ????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????????
  ???????
• ?????? ?????????????? ?????????

53
(No Transcript)
54
????????????? ??????????

• ?????????????? ?apo
• Jarrod A. Roy, David A. Papa, Saurabh N. Adya,
  Hayward H. Chan, Aaron N. Ng, James F. Lu, Igor
  L. Markov Capo Robust and scalable open-source
  min-cut floorplacer, ISPD05, 2005, p.224-226
• ????????????? ?????? Dragon
• Taraneh Taghavi, Xiaojian Yang, Bo-Kyung Choi
  Dragon2005 large-scale mixed-size placement
  tool, ISPD05, 2005, p.245-247
• ????????????? mPL5
• Tony Chan, Jason Cong, Kenton Sze Multilevel
  generalized force-directed method for circuit
  placement, ISPD05, 2005, p.185-192

55
??????????, ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? 210K ?? 2.1M
gates
56
mPL5 ???????????? ??????
57
??????? ????????????? ??????? ???????
1. ???????????? ????????????? ????????? ?????
??????????
2. log-sum-exp ????????????? (Kahng A.
Implementation and Extensibility of an
Analytical Placement)
3. Lp ????????????? (Cong J. Multilevel
Generalized Force-directed Method for Circuit
Placement)
58
??????????? ??????????? ???????ß -???????????
??? ??????
Ross Baldick, Andrew B. Kahng, Andrew kennings,
Igor L. Markov Function Smoothing with
Applications to VLSI Layout
?????? ß-??????????? ??? ??????? ? ß0.01 ? a2
59
????????? ????????????? WL
Cong J. Multilevel Generalized Force-directed
Method for Circuit Placement
60
(No Transcript)
61
?????? ??????????? ????????????? ??? ??????
???????? ????????????? ???????????
A. Samoilov Constraint Programming for Difficult
Routing Problems 2006
62
??????????? ???????????
63
???????????? ??????

• ???????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????
  ??????? ??????
• ????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? 0 ??? 2 ???????

64

• ???????????
• ???????? ???????????

65
?????? ???????
66
???????
67
?????? ??????????? ??????????????? ?????
68
??????????? ? ???????????? ???????
69
??????????? ??????????
70
??????????? ? ???????????? ????????
71
????????? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? ? ??????
?????????????? ????????
72
???? ???????

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• ???????????? ?????? ???????.
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  ??????? ????.
• ???????? ?????????? ?.????????, ?????????? ??
  ???????
• ?????? ??????? ?????????
• ????????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????????
  ???????
• ?????? ?????????????? ?????????

73
E. Papadopoulou and D. T. Lee Critical Area
Computation via Voronoi Diagrams ISPD-2000
???????????
??????
???????? ?????? ?????????????? (DRC)
74
???????????? ????????? ????????

• ?????? ???????? VR(p,S) ??? ????? p ?????? S
  ????? ????? ?? ?????????, ????????????? ????? ?
  p, ??? ? ????? ?????? ????? S VR(p,S)r?R2
  ?q?p d(r,p)d(r,q), ??? d(x,y) ?????????
  ??????????
• ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? p1,,pn
  VD(S)VR(p1),,VR(pn)
• ???? (???????????? ??????) ?????? ?????
  ????????? ???? DT(S), ???????????? ? ?????????
  ????????

?? ?? ????? 2n 5 ?????? 3n 6 ????? ??????
O(n) ????????? ?????????? O(n log n)
????????? ???????? ? ???? ?????? (???????)
75
???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ? ???????
???????????
Zhe Feng, Yu Hu,Tong Jing, X. Hong, X.Hu, G. Yan
An O(nlogn) Algorithm for Obstacle-Avoiding
Routing Tree Construction in the ?-Geometry
Plane ISPD-2006
76
???????????? ? ??????? ???????????
77
??????????? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????
78
???????? ??????1000 ????????? 10000 ???????????
79
?????????? ???????????? ?????? ? ??????? ????????
????????
   

K.K.Malinauskas, A.M.Marchenko VORONOI DIAGRAMS
BASED ROUTING QUALITY ESTIMATE FOR THE PLACEMENT
TASK - 2003
80
E. Papadopoulou and D. T. Lee Critical Area
Computation via Voronoi Diagrams ISPD-2000
???????????
??????
???????? ?????? ?????????????? (DRC)
81
Henyi Li, Victor Milenkovic. A Compaction
Algorithm for Non-Convex Polygons and Its
Application. 9th Annual Computational Geometry,
5/93/CA, USA, 1993
?????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ????????????
??????? ?????
82
?????????? ???????? ???????? ? ????????
??????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????????

• ? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????? M
  ???? ?????????????? ????? ?????, ???????
  ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? F
  ?????? ?????? B ????????? ????????.

?.?. ????????, ?.?. ????????. ?????????? ???????
?????????????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????????
??????????? ?????????, 2003.