TUBERCULOSIS

1
TUBERCULOSIS

• By
• Dr S G Murthy

2
What is tuberculosis?

• Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused
  by bacteria --mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• They are acid fast bacilli and are seen
  as rods under the microscope

3

• Robert Koch discovered TB bacilli.
• He presented his discovery to a group of
  scientist in Berlin on 24TH MARCH 1882
• Robert Koch foundation for fight against TB
  was founded on 24th MARCH 1907
• WORLD TB DAY is held on 24th March

4
History of TB

• TB has been always with us, at least for
  the last 4000 years
• TB was once called consumption and
  white plague
• Untill 1944 we did not have a single anti
  TB drug
• Treatment was just fresh air , good food and
  prayers

5
How does it spread?
6

• Not all person exposed to TB germs will
  get the disease
• Most of them will be able to fight the
  infection with natural immunity
• Only few may get the disease

7
Symptoms of tuberculosis

• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Persistent Cough
• Blood in the sputum
• Symptoms specific to the organ affected

8
(No Transcript)
9
Commonly affected organs

• Lungs
• Pleura
• Pericardium
• Intestine
• Meninges and brain
• Uro- genital system
• Skin
• Liver ,spleen, peritonium
• bones

10
Diagnosis of TB

• TB should be suspected in persons
• coughing for more than 1 month
• Loss of weight
• Fever for weeks
• Loss of appetite
• Blood in sputum

11
Tests in tuberculosis

• X ray
• Blood test
• Sputum test
• Sonography
• CT scan
• Mantoux test

12
Treatment of tuberculosis

• Anti tuberculosis medicine given regularly
  for 6 to 9 months
• Proper follow up with x rays and blood test.
• Treatment of contacts

13
Names of some anti TB drugs

• Streptomycin
• Isoniazide
• Rifampicin
• Ethambutol
• Pyrazinamide

14
(No Transcript)
15
Prevention of tuberculosis

• Early detection
• Treatment of contacts
• Good hygiene and healthy life style
• Patient education
• Spreading awareness
• BCG vaccine

16

• Cover your mouth when you sneeze or cough
• Do not spit

17
MYTHS

• Tuberculosis is not curable
• Stay away from TB patients
• Dont take medicines for long time
• TB is a disease of poor people
• TB patients should not go to school/work
• Treatment is expensive

18
Your role in tuberculosis

• Discourage spitting
• Spread awareness
• Drive away myths
• Do not look down upon TB patients
• Keep your surroundings clean
• Help poor patients
• Know the importance of complete treatment

19
VERY IMPORTANT

• Early diagnosis
• Proper and complete treatment
• Good nutrition
• Good hygiene
• Awareness

20
(No Transcript)
21

• THANK YOU