Flight Instrument

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Flight Instrument

• Air data instruments
• Altimeter
• Vertical speed indicator
• Airspeed indicator
• Total Air Temperature
• Mach meter
• True Airspeed Indicator
• Angle Of Attack indicator
• Air Data Computer

2
Altimeter

• When calculating the performance of an airplane
  or engine, we need to know the altitude for which
  the performance is to be computed, since airplane
  and engine performance depends on air pressure,
  among other factors.
• It is difficult to measure the true height
  (geometric) of an airplane above the ground ,
  and even if it were easy, true height is of no
  relevance to airplane performance. Performance
  depends on air pressure, and knowing geometric
  height does not tell us the air pressure, since
  the atmosphere is not the same from day to day.
• We could compute performance in terms of air
  pressure measured in lb/in2, or N/m2, or any
  other units. However, pilots think in terms of
  airplane height. Its therefore more useful to
  express performance in terms of altitude.
  Considering atmospheric variations from day to
  day, how is this to be accomplished?

3

• International Standard Atmosphere
• Pressure altitude

4
Altimeter
5
Altimeter
6
Altimeter
Altimeter Settings - compensate for pressure
variation
7
Altimeter
Altimeter Settings - compensate for pressure
variation
- Sea Level Pressure
- Field Pressure
- Standard Pressure
8
Altimeter
Influence of temperature variation
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Altimeter
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Altimeter
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Vertical Speed Indicator
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Airspeed Indicator
Low Speed
High Speed
13
Pitot - Static System
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Pitot - Static System
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Pitot - Static System
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Pitot - Static System
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Pitot - Static System
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Total Air Temperature
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Total Air Temperature
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Mach Meter
21
True Airspeed Indicator
22
Speed Conversion
Indicated Air Speed Calibrated Air
Speed Equivalent Air Speed True Air Speed GS -
Ground Speed
23
Angle Of Attach
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Air Data Computer
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Air Data Computer
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Air Data Computer
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Air Data Computer
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Air Data Computer
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Air Data Module
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Air Data Module