Hip and Pelvic Girdle

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Hip and Pelvic Girdle

• H L, Chpt 7, pg. 181
• T F, Chpt 7

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Bones

• Ilium
• Ischium
• Pubis
• Each (Innominate, or pelvic) bone is composed of
  three fused bones
• Femur

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Joints of the Pelvic Girdle

• Sacroiliac (SI)- articulation between the sacrum
  and the ilium
• Classified as a diarthrodial joint
• However, no voluntary movement occurs
• Ligaments of SI Joint
• Ant. sacroiliac ligament
• Post. sacroiliac ligament
• Interosseous sacroiliac ligament

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Movements of the pelvic girdle

• Forward tilt (anterior tilt or posterior
  rotation)
• Backward tilt (posterior tilt or anterior
  rotation)
• Lateral tilt
• Rotation (lateral twist)

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• Forward tilt
• (anterior tilt or posterior rotation)

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• Backward tilt
• (posterior tilt or anterior rotation)

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Muscles of the Pelvis
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• Muscles involved with forward tilt of the pelvis
• Hip flexors
• lumbosacral spinal extensors

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• Muscles involved with backward tilt of the pelvis
• Hip extensors
• Lumbosacral spinal flexors

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• Muscles involved with Lateral Tilt to the Left
• Right lateral lumbosacral flexors
• Left hip abductors
• Right hip adductors

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• Rotation to Left
• Right lumbosacral rotators
• Right hip external rotators
• Left hip internal rotators

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Hip joint (femoroacetabular)

• Articulation between the head of the femur and
  the acetabulum of the innominate bone
• Ligaments 3 primary ligaments of the hip joint
• Iliofemoral
• Pubofemoral
• Ischiofemoral

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Movements triaxial ball and socket joint

• Flexion/extension/hyperextension
• Abduction/adduction
• External/internal rotation
• (Outward/inward rotation)
• Diagonal abduction/adduction
• Circumduction

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Muscles of the Hip Joint

• Six external rotators (Posterior Line of Pull)

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Muscles of the Hip Joint

• Five adductors (Medial Line of Pull)
• adductor magnus (also extends hip)
• adductor brevis
• adductor longus
• Pectineus
• primarily a hip flexor
• Gracilis
• also flexes and internally rotates the knee

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Muscles of the Hip Joint

• Three abductors (Lateral Line of Pull)
• Gluteus minimus
• Primarily an internal rotator
• Secondarily a hip abductor
• Gluteus medius
• Primarily a hip abductor
• Secondarily an internal rotator
• Tensor fasciae latae

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Muscles of the Hip Joint

• Four extensors (Posterior Line of Pull)
• Hamstring muscles
• Semimembranosus (also flexes and internally
  rotates knee)
• Semitendinosus (also flexes and internally
  rotates knee)
• Biceps Femoris (only long head crosses hip) (both
  heads also flex and externally rotate the knee
• Gluteus maximus

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Muscles of the Hip Joint

• Five flexors (Anterior Line of Pull)
• Iliacus
• Psoas major (also flexes lumbosacral spine
• Also called by group name, iliopsoas)
• Rectus Femoris (only quadriceps muscle that
  crosses both the hip knee)
• Sartorius (also flexes and internally rotates
  knee)
• Pectineus (also adducts)

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Primary Movements of the Pelvis
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Secondary Movements of Pelvis
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Secondary Movements of Pelvis

• Hip Joint
• both hip flexion
• both hip extension
• Opposition movements
• front flexed leg Int. rot
• back extended leg ext rot.
• Rt. Abduction

• Pelvis
• Backward tilt
• Forward tilt
• Rotation
• Lt. Lateral tilt