Mapudungun

1
Example
English I didnt see Maria
Mapudungun pelafiñ Maria
Spanish No vi a María
2
Example
English I didnt see Maria
Mapudungun pelafiñ Maria pe -la -fi -ñ Maria see
-neg -3.obj -1.subj.indicative Maria
Spanish No vi a María No vi a María neg see.1.sub
j.past.indicative acc Maria
3
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
pe
4
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
pe
VSuff
Negation
la
5
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
pe
VSuffG
Pass all features up
VSuff
la
6
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
object person 3
fi
VSuff
la
7
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
VSuffG
pe
Pass all features up from both children
VSuffG
VSuff
fi
VSuff
la
8
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
VSuffG
VSuff
pe
person 1 number sg mood ind
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
fi
VSuff
la
9
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
pe
Pass all features up from both children
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
fi
VSuff
la
10
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
Pass all features up from both children
Check that 1) negation 2) tense is undefined
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
fi
VSuff
la
11
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
NP
V
VSuffG
person 3 number sg human
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
Maria
ñ
fi
VSuff
la
12
pe-la-fi-ñ Maria
S
Check that NP is human
VP
NP
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
13
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
NP
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
14
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
Pass all features to Spanish side
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
15
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
Pass all features down
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
16
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
Pass object features down
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
17
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
Accusative marker on objects is introduced
because human
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
18
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
VPVP VBar NP -gt VBar "a" NP ( (X1Y1) (X2
Y3) ((X2 type) (NOT personal)) ((X2
human) c ) (X0 X1) ((X0 object) X2)
(Y0 X0) ((Y0 object) (X0 object)) (Y1
Y0) (Y3 (Y0 object)) ((Y1 objmarker person)
(Y3 person)) ((Y1 objmarker number) (Y3
number)) ((Y1 objmarker gender) (Y3 ender)))
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
19
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
Pass person, number, and mood features to Spanish
Verb
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
Assign tense past
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
20
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
Introduced because negation
fi
VSuff
la
21
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
ver
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
fi
VSuff
la
22
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
ver
vi
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
person 1 number sg mood indicative tense
past
fi
VSuff
la
23
Transfer to Spanish Top-Down
S
S
Pass features over to Spanish side
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
vi
N
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
María
fi
VSuff
la
24
I Didnt see Maria
S
S
VP
VP
NP
NP
a
V
VSuffG
V
no
VSuffG
VSuff
N
pe
vi
N
VSuffG
VSuff
ñ
Maria
María
fi
VSuff
la