The Periodic Table

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The Periodic Table
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Describe the Periodic Table

• The periodic table is a chemistry reference  
• It arranges all the known elements in an
  informative grid 

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Describe the Periodic Table

• Elements are arranged left to right and top to
  bottom in order of increasing atomic number
• This order usually coincides with increasing
  atomic mass

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Describe the Periodic Table

• The Table's pattern and arrangement shows the
  arrangement of electrons in the atom.
• Elements have different atomic numbers - the
  number of protons or electrons increases up the
  table as electrons fill the shells.

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Describe the Periodic Table

• Elements have different atomic masses - the
  number of protons plus neutrons increases up the
  table.
• Rows - elements of each row have the same number
  of energy levels (shells).
• Columns - elements have the same number of
  electrons in the outermost energy level or shell
  (one to eight).

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Describe the Periodic Table

• The different rows of elements are called
  periods. 
• The period number of an element signifies the
  highest energy level an electron in that element
  occupies
• The different columns of elements are called
  groups or families
• Elements in the same family have similar
  properties

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Describe the Periodic Table
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Describe how to read the periodic table

• Every table has

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Describe how to read the periodic table

• Atomic Number
• The number of protons in an atom identifies the
  element. 
•   The number of protons in an atom is referred
  to as the atomic number of that element.

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Describe how to read the periodic table

• Atomic SymbolThe atomic symbol is one or two
  letters chosen to represent an element ("H" for
  "hydrogen," etc.). 
• These symbols are used everywhere in the world
•   Usually, a symbol is the abbreviation of the
  element or the abbreviated Latin name of the
  element.

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Describe how to read the periodic table

• Atomic MassThe atomic mass is the average mass
  of an element in atomic mass units ("amu"). 
• Though individual atoms always have a whole
  number of amus, the atomic mass on the periodic
  table is shown as a decimal number because it is
  an average of all the isotopes of an element.

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