Cranial Nerves

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Cranial Nerves

• Components and Ganglia

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Cranial Nerves
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Nerve Components

• Nerve Components The sum of all the neurons
  having like anatomical and physiological
  characteristics so that they can act in a common
  mode. (Described by C. Judson Herrick in the
  1930s)
• Determined on the basis of comparative anatomy
  and embryological studies where nerve fibers were
  traced from their point of origin in the
  periphery to their termination within the central
  nervous system (ie.Nuclei).

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Brainstem Nuclei
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Cranial Nerve Components

• Alar Plate
• Special Somatic Afferent (SSA)
• General Somatic Afferent (GSA)
• Special Visceral Afferent (SVA)
• General Visceral Afferent (GVA)
• Basilar Plate
• General Visceral Efferent (GVE)
• Special Visceral Efferent (SVE)
• General Somatic Efferent (GSE)
• found both in brainstem and spinal cord

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Cranial Nerves Associated with Their Components

• SSA I (?), II, VIII
• GSA V,(III, IV, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, XII)
• SVA I, VII, IX, X
• GVA IX, X
• GVE III, VII, IX, X
• SVE V,VII, IX, X, XI
• GSE III, IV, VI, XII

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Cranial Nerve Ganglia

• SENSORY
• I Olfactory Bulb (SVA, SSA)
• II Ganglionic Layer of Retina (SSA)
• V Trigeminal Ganglion (GSA)
• VII Geniculate Ganglia (SVA taste, GSA
  
  proprioception)
• VIII Vestibular (Equilibrium) , Spiral (Hearing)
  SSA
• IX Superior Ganglion GSA, Inferior Ganglion
  (Petrosal) SVA taste, GVA,
• X Superior Ganglion (Jugular) GSA, Inferior
  Ganglion (Nodosal) SVA taste, GVA

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Cranial Nerve Ganglia

• MOTOR
• III Ciliary
• VII Pterygopalatine, Submandibular
• IX Otic
• X Terminal
• All of these ganglia are GVE

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Cranial Nerve Foramen
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