Lecture 3: Environmental Aircraft

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Lecture 3 Environmental Aircraft
Eric Loth For AE 440 A/C Lecture Sept 2009
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Important Tips for Design

1. Study existing designs as much as possible
2. For design technologies, pluck the low-hanging
   fruit for your mission
3. Start with the simplest analysis or mathematical
   model available to quantify
4. Build fidelity (not necessarily complexity) to
   improve analysis
5. Do something new (not necessarily crazy)

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AIAA RFP Objective

• This RFP is for a future (2020) aircraft design
  that incorporates new technologies, operational
  procedures and alternative fuels.  The design
  will target improvement in accordance with the
  National Aeronautics Research and Development
  Challenges, Goals and Objective.   A 25
  improvement lift-to-drag ratio should be targeted
  based on novel configuration utilizing
  multidiscipline configuration optimization and
  laminar flow technology.  The resulting design
  should be assessed based on the configuration
  performance improvement, incorporation of new
  technologies, impacts of the alternative fuels,
  and emission requirements on the aircraft systems
  and planform.  Identifying specific improvements
  to the environment in terms of carbon footprint,
  emissions and noise will be necessary as part of
  the design study.  Other impacts on the economics
  such as increasing fuel costs and taxes on carbon
  footprint should be considered.  The design shall
  be considered a 737NG/A320 replacement aircraft
  to have the greatest impact.  The design shall be
  evaluated in relationship to its improvement over
  the aircraft it replaces.

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Green Aircraft

• Aircraft account for 13 of Greenhouse Gas this
  is expected to grow as HVAC, cars, trains, boats
  and other systems increase efficiency with
  electric, geothermal and wind resources
• There are many fabrication, ground operation
  flight emissions associated with airline industry

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Green Aircraft

• Aircraft account for 13 of Greenhouse Gas this
  is expected to grow as HVAC, cars, trains, boats
  and other systems increase efficiency with
  electric, geothermal and wind resources
• There are many fabrication, ground operation
  flight emissions associated with airline industry

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Green Aircraft Design 1

• Stability/Control Aerodynamics
• Highly efficient robust systems
• Blended-Wing-Body, very high AR wings, formation
  flight
• Structures
• Reduced aircraft weight,
• Reduced byproducts and energy for fabrication
• Propulsion
• Alternative Fuels biomass, hydrogen, coal?
• Efficient (low SFC) Engines variable designs,
  prop-fans

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Green Aircraft Design 2

• Configurations
• Reduced weight, volume and surface area concepts
• Emissions
• Reduced landing and take-off noise
• Reduced chemical emissions (sulpheric acid, CO,
  NOx, etc. )
• Reduced particulate emissions (regulated
  unregulated)
• Performance
• reduced average mission/fleet carbon output
  (skyprint)