Incident Command System

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Incident Command System Oil Spill Response in
the United States

• CDR Agneta Dahl
• U. S. Coast Guard

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A Little About Me

• Been in the USCG for almost 19 years
• Specialized in prevention response
• Past assignments
• San Francisco, CA
• Valdez, AK
• Anchorage, AK
• Washington, DC
• Currently Assigned to the World Maritime
  University in Malmö, Sweden

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National Response Framework

• It acts as a guide to how the nation conducts
  incident response.
• The Framework provides structures for
  implementing national-level policy and
  operational coordination for domestic incident
  response.
• Incidents are actual or potential emergencies or
  all-hazard events that range from accidents or
  natural disasters to actual or potential
  terrorist attacks and requires action by
  emergency service personnel to prevent or
  minimize loss of life or damage to property
  and/or natural resources.

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Emergency Support Function (ESF) Annexes

• ESF 1 Transportation
• ESF 2 Communications
• ESF 3 - Public Works and Engineering
• ESF 4 Firefighting
• ESF 5 - Emergency Management
• ESF 6 - Mass Care, Emergency Assistance,
  Housing, and Human Services
• ESF 7 - Logistics Management and Resource
  Support
• ESF 8 - Public Health and Medical Services
• ESF 9 - Search and Rescue
• ESF 10 - Oil and Hazardous Materials Response
• ESF 11 - Agriculture and Natural Resources
• ESF 12 Energy
• ESF 13 - Public Safety and Security
• ESF 14 - Long-Term Community Recovery
• ESF 15 - External Affairs

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National Contingency Plan (NCP)

• The National Oil and Hazardous Substances
  Pollution Contingency Plan, more commonly called
  the National Contingency Plan (NCP), is the
  federal government's blueprint for responding to
  oil spills and hazardous substance releases.
• The NCP is an operational supplement to the
  National Response Framework (NRF).
• The NCP is the result of the nations efforts to
  develop a national response capability and
  promote overall coordination among the hierarchy
  of responders and contingency plans.

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The First National Contingency Plan

• In response to the first major spill disaster in
  modern history T/V Torrey Canyon.

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Most Recent Update
The T/V Exxon Valdez ran aground in Prince
William Sound, AK on Easter Sunday, 1989.
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Federal On-Scene Coordinators (FOSC)

• The FOSC is a pre-designated federal official
  from either the EPA for inland areas or from the
  Coast Guard for maritime.
• These individuals coordinate all federal
  containment, removal, disposal efforts, and
  resources during an incident. The FOSC also
  coordinates federal efforts with the local
  community's response.
• For locations near the coast or a major waterway,
  there may be both a Coast Guard and EPA FOSC with
  assigned responsibilities within jurisdictional
  boundaries of various state or local entities.

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Plans of the National Response System
NRF ESP 10
FOSC
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How the Incident Command System (ICS) was Born

• ICS resulted from the obvious need for a new
  approach to the problem of managing rapidly
  moving wildfires in the early 1970s. At that
  time, emergency managers faced a number of
  problems.
• Too many people reporting to one supervisor.
• Different emergency response organizational
  structures.
• Lack of reliable incident information.
• Inadequate and incompatible communications.
• Lack of a structure for coordinated planning
  between agencies.
• Unclear lines of authority.
• Terminology differences between agencies.
• Unclear or unspecified incident objectives.

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Do only fire Fighters need ICS?

• Fire, HAZMAT, and multi-casualty incidents of all
  sizes.
• Law enforcement routine and special operations.
• Joint law enforcement/military narcotics
  interdiction operations.
• Multi-jurisdiction and multi-agency fires.
• Search and rescue missions of all types.
• Oil spill response and recovery incidents.
• Air, ground, and water transportation accidents.
• Planned events, e.g., parades, celebrations.
• Private sector emergency management programs.
• State and local disaster response.

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ICS Principle Features

• Coordination of efforts which creates Order out
  of Chaos
• Organizational flexibility- Can grow or shrink to
  accommodate the size of the incident
• Single command may be a unified command
• Management by objectives
• Unity and chain of command
• Transfer command
• Common terminology

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ICS Principle Features

• Integrated communications
• Personnel accountability
• Resource management
• Standard forms
• Standard symbology

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Command vs. Unified Command

• Co-management of incident
• Overlapping jurisdictional / agency
  responsibilities
• Coordination of efforts

B
A
A
C
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Unified Command

• Two or more agencies share jurisdictional
  responsibility.
• Co-located (shared) facilities one Incident
  Command Post
• Single integrated incident organization
• Consensus on one set of Incident Objectives
  Single planning process one Incident Action
  Plan.
• Shared Operations, Planning, Logistics and
  Finance activities
• Coordinated process for ordering resources

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Who is included in the Unified Command?

• Jurisdictional Authority
• Impacts Organizations AOR
• Specifically responsible
• Resources

RP
Federal
UNIFIED COMMAND
STATE
LOCAL
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System Components
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Operations

• The operations section is responsible for the
  management of all operations directly applicable
  to the primary mission.
• The operations section chief activates and
  supervises operations, organizational elements,
  and staging areas in accordance with the spill
  incident action plan.
• The Operations Section Chief also assists in the
  formulation of the spill incident action plan and
  directs its execution.
• The Operation Section Chief directs the
  formulation and execution of subordinate unit
  operational plans, requests or releases
  resources, makes expedient changes to the spill
  incident action plan, and reports plans and/or
  changes to the UC.

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Planning

• The planning section is responsible for the
  collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of
  information regarding the development of the
  incident and status of resources.
• Information is needed to understand the current
  situation, predict probable course of incident
  event, and prepare alternative strategies and
  control operations for the incident.

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Logistics

• The logistics section is responsible for
  providing facilities, services, and material in
  support of the incident.
• The Logistics Section Chief participates in the
  development of the spill incident action plan and
  activates and supervises personnel within the
  logistics section.

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Finance

• The finance section is responsible for organizing
  and operating the section within the guidelines,
  policy and constraints established by the UC and
  responsible agencies.
• The finance section participates in the
  development of the spill incident action plan.
• The finance section's function within the
  incident command system is heavily tied to agency
  specific policies and procedures.
• The Finance Section Chief will normally be
  assigned from the agency with incident
  jurisdictional responsibility.

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ICS in Oil Spill Response
MAC
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Effective ICS must have

• Strong agency support
• Thorough system documentation
• Intensive training and exercises
• Qualifications system for specific positions
• Evaluation / corrective action process

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Cycle of Preparedness and ICS

• ICS must be integrated into all parts of the
  cycle of preparedness
• Policy
• Plans
• Capabilities People
• Stakeholders
• Exercises
• Evaluations
• Revision

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USCG ICS Tools

• Homeport
• http//homeport.uscg.mil/

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http//Homeport.uscg.mil/
Click on Library Tab
Click on ICS Tab
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