Economic Development and Women Employment In EGYPT

1
Economic Development and Women
EmploymentIn EGYPT

• Prepared by
• Mrs.Reda Marzouk Abu Ali
• General Director in Vocational Training
• And Human Resources Development Sector
• Ministry of Manpower and Migration
• Sept 2009

2
Women in incient Egypt

• Egypt is one of the developing country that has a
  long history during which a lot of concern was
  given to women and women issues .
• During pharonic time the presence of women was
  obvious and highly appreciated by even men
  especially kings and rulers who were concern to
  involve women in state administration and
  handling conflicts .
• More than one choices were given to women to
  become queen and ruler.
• I'm going to mention some of them for instance
  such as Nefertari and Cleopatra who were known to
  be clever patient, broad minded and diplomatic in
  handling wars and conflicts .

3
Women in Islamic time in Egypt

• When Islam came women were not neglected, more
  choices were given for women to share with men
  the responsibility, participate in wars and in
  socio-economic development and I
  mention here some names of these ideal ladies
  such as Lady Khadijah, Lady Ayshah and others .

4
Women always on highly consideration in Egypt

• During last decades Egypt never neglected women
  rights in education, training and participation
  in work force and accordingly contribution in
  socio-economic development and also
  policy .
• Women support and encouragement is a necessity to
  achieve comprehensive development, therefore the
  government adopted nurmous initiatives and
  policies to overcome all discrimination against
  women, such as -

5

• Establishing the national council for women and
  the National Council for Childhood and Motherhood
  for the aim to support women participation in the
  development process, also modification of the
  Egyptian Nationality Law to ensure equality
  between who born of Egyptian father and who born
  of Egyptian mother to get Egyptian nationality
  with no condition or restriction .
• Law was issued for establishing family court
  securing Egyptian family in general and Egyptian
  women in private and to speed up resolution in
  cases related to family, in addition, law No (11)
  for year 2004 was issued to establish family
  insurance system to ensure that the Egyptian
  women gets outlay through channel which financial
  resources can be arranged systematically and
  settlement, this is of course will secure family
  .
• All these initiatives and successes have been
  crowned by issuing republican decree for
  nomination of 30 female judges for the first
  time in Egypt to be one of the miracles in the
  development process in Egypt.

6
Women support in the Economic Development

• Increase employment vacancies for women in
  private sector
• Provide (600) thousands jobs for women in the
  coming ten years, within the frame of civil
  community organizations activities, especially in
  the field of pre-school education, health and
  social work .
• Establish public houses for poor working mothers
  children's welfare, increasing chances to get
  assurance, providing chances for promotion for
  those who are working in nursery and social
  services .

7
Women support in the Economic Development

• No gender discrimination in education and
  training .
• Ensuring legal rights for women in ownership and
  inheritance facilitating lawful procedures in
  field of personal cases .
• Increasing political participation and
  representation through awareness campaign and
  supporting nominee in elections at all levels .
• Providing health services in particular for women
  needs , face all the culture restrictions that
  obstacle obtaining medical assistance .

8

• Enabling women to make decision specialized with
  birth control through awareness campaigns to
  affect behavior and situations, and through
  methods which women can get bells easily and free
  of charge .
• In addition to what prementioned the plan adopts
  several guidance's and policies to revitalize
  women participation in small projects through
  the following -
• Vitilizing the role of Social Fund for
  Development to in crease choices for women to
  make use of loans offered by the fund through
  Small Projects Development Authority .

9
Important projects in the development plan to
revive Egyptian women

• In Education
• Establishing training centers for female teachers
  in elementary education .
• Establishing secondary ,agricultural, industrial
  schools .
• Renovating industrial schools .

10

• In Health
• Mobile clinics for health care and drugs
  treatment .
• Clinics for none-working women in health
  insurance hospitals .
• Providing medical centers with devices to
  discover breast cancer and orthopedic diseases .
• Women health centers .

11

• In Social Welfare
• Ladies Clubs .
• Elderly Houses .
• Welfare houses for handicapped .
• Full service corporation for women

12

• In Employment and Human Resources Development
  
• Equipped training communities for women in all
  fields ( vocational training , combating
  eletracy, computer ) .
• Equipped training centers and developing women
  in rural areas .
• Project for training women to establish small
  projects .
• Granting small loans for poor women to set up
  small projects .
• Expand family producers centers to train women.

13

• In Environmental Development
• Purchasing equipments and machines to get red of
  dangerous wastes .
• Establishing factories to recycle waste materials
  .

14
Supporting women participation in the Economics

• Women participation in work .
• Women participation in investment .
• The effect on growth and productivity .
• Provide safe working environment .
• Reduction of unemployment .
• Encouraging women entrance to new fields of work
• Encouraging women participation in managing
  small project and in obtaining loans to run these
  projects .

15
Supporting women participation in politics

• The Egyptian party is encouraging women
  participation in politics-evidence for that is
  the nomination of (20) of the females as
  minimum on the parties units .
• A lot of concern was given to train these cadres
  to be ready for elections .
• More than that the expansion of women
  participation and its sustainability .
• Evidence for that is the specialization of (64)
  seats for women in the par-lament (minimum)
  through elections .

16
New Norms for women participation

• In Education
• She is a Teacher University Professor
  Faculty Dean Career Counselor Social Worker
  Psychologist ..ect .
• In Medicine
• She is a Doctor Nurse Patient Representative
  X ray Tech ..ect .
• In Administration
• She is a General Director Manager Under
  Secretary Prime Minister Advisor Minister
  Judge .
• In Politics
• She is a Ambassador Labour - Consultants

17
Legislations Rulesconcerning women's
employment (EGYPT 2009)
18

• Ministerial Decree No 183 for year 2003
  concerning organization of night work for women
  
• In the first article it is stated that women are
  not allowed to work between 7.00 P.M until 7.00
  A.M.
• In the third article it is stated that in case
  where women are allowed to work night shifts
  employer should provide all grantees for
  protection and welfare, transportation and
  security for women working at night who are
  permitted to work night shift from Manpower
  Directorate after making sure of providing all
  grantees and conditions that prementioned before
  .

19

• In the second section of labour law No 12 for
  year 2003 related to Women Employment
• Article No 88 All rules for workers employment
  should be applied for also women employed in
  equal circumstances with no discrimination .
• Article No 89 Specialized minister issues
  decree for determination cases, works, occasions
  that women are allowed to work between 700 P.M
  and 700 A.M
• Article No 90 Specialized minister issues
  decree to determine business that can cause harm
  to women either in health or in manner also
  businesses that women are not allowed to work .

20

• Article No 91 Female worker who completed (10)
  months or more in service has the right for
  maternity leave for ninety days with compensation
  equal to whole wage in clouding time before and
  after giving birth, she should provide medical
  certificate stating date of giving birth . It is
  not allowed to employ Female worker during (45)
  days following giving birth . She is eligible for
  maternity leave tow ice during her whole service
  .
• Article No 93 Female worker has the right to
  breast feed her baby for (24) months a part
  from her break tow times during the days half
  an hour for each and she can accumulate to get
  one hour per day without any deduction of her
  salary .

21

• Article No 94 Female worker has the right for
  unpaid leave to look after her child for two
  years tow ice during her whole service
• Article No 96 Employer who employs (100) Female
  workers and more in one place should establish
  Kindergarten or use Kindergarten to look after
  workers children's .

22

• Ministerial Decree No 155 for year 2003
  concerning identification of businesses are not
  allowed for women
• Minister of Manpower and Migration
• After reviewing article No(90) of Labour Law No
  (12) for 2003 .
• International conventions which Egypt approved
  relating women work .
• Decided
• First Articale
• Women are not allowed to work in the following
  fields
• Al Coholic Beverages industries .
• In minars .
• Fertilizers industries .
• Welding .
• Coal industries .
• And about (25) others that can cause harm to
  women .

23

• Law No 12 for year 1996
• second section welfare for working mother
• Article No 70 Women's right for paid maternity
  leave for 3 months after giving birth , she has
  the right to get that leave for 3 times during
  her whole service .
• Working hours per day reduced by one hour
  starting month six of her pregnancy. It is not
  allowed for women to work additional hours during
  pregnancy until six months from date of giving
  birth .
• Article No 71 Female worker who is breast
  feeding her baby for two years following date of
  giving birth a part from her regular break
  has right for two other breaks, half an hour each
  or one hour per day without any deduction of her
  salary

24

• Article No 72 Working female has the right to
  obtain unpaid leave for two years to look after
  her baby for three times during her whole
  service.
• Execption of social insurance law her
  organization is responsible to pay her insurance
  part or she is granted compensation equal to 25
  of her salary according to her desire .
• Article No 73 Employer who employs 100 working
  female or more in one place should establish
  kindergarten or utilize other kindergarten in
  other place for working women's children
  according to rules and executive regulations .

25
Thank You