Making Sobriety Attractive Update, by Nancy L' Harper, Ph'D'

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Making Sobriety Attractive (MSA) Preventing
Teen Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs (AOD) Uses
Strategies that have been Proven to Work.
MSAs Goal To Prevent Underage Use of Alcohol
and Other Drugs (AOD) in Kent County, MI
Targeting Alcohol, Tobacco, and The MSA Project
is funded by a Drug-Free Communities grant from
SAMHSA of the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, to the Kent County Substance Abuse
Prevention Leadership Coalition www.alertlabs.org
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MSA is implemented by the ALERT Labs Group

• Project Director, Nancy L. Harper, Ph.D., ALERT
  Labs Consulting
• Project Coordinator, Shannon D. Welsh, M.Ed.,
  Welsh Advertising
• Project Evaluator, Donald (Tex) Bryant, M.S.
  M.Ed., Bryant Statistical Consulting, Director
  Donald (Tex) Bryant, M.S. .Ed.
• Project Counselor, STARR Facilitator for
  screening and intervention, Geoffery L. Stevens,
  LMSW, Alternative Behavioral Health Services.
• Project Theatre Coordinator, Carla Jackson,
  Certified in Secondary Education and Peer
  Mentoring/Listening.

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1. Social Norms Communication Campaigns, using
U.S. Department of Education Model Program,
ALERT Labs,adapted to high school
environments.

• Goal Correct Misperceptions of Student and
  Parent Norms, thereby reducing student (and
  parent) AOD use, Enhancing Parent Modeling,
  Monitoring, and Conversation with children, and
  preventing underage AOD initiation.

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2. Screening and Brief Intervention through
STARR (Screen, Treat, and Refer for Recovery),
using a SAMHSA Model Program, BASICS

• - Goal To motivate students to reduce, and
  ultimately to abstain from, AOD use at least
  until age 21. Raises students awareness of the
  short and long term consequences of their use of
  alcohol or other drugs (uses survey results for
  context)
• Example
• More than 80 of students drink less than you
  do. What do you think about that?

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MSAs Instruments for Implementing Strategies

• Survey Research, pre- and post-test design for
  discovery and evaluation provides the bases of
  the Social Norms Messages
• Focus Group Research Monthly Oversight
  Assessment, Parent/ Staff/Student Site Teams
• Posters report to students and school staff the
  results of annual surveys of student attitudes
  and behavior re. AOD
• Brochures report to parents school staff the
  results of annual surveys of parent and student
  attitudes and behavior re. AOD.

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MSAs Instruments for Implementing Strategies,
contd

• Interpersonal Communication encouraged by posters
  and brochures, based on evidence reported to
  Students, Parents, and School Staff
• Theatrical Presentations encourage communication
  in classes, among school groups (e.g., athletes),
  parents, school staff, community members re.
  underage use of AOD in the context of the
  Community Standards for Alcohol Use to begin
  Spring 2009.
• STARR Protocol consists of four 45-60 minute
  sessions that are conducted over a period of 6-8
  weeks. First meeting is an assessment and final
  meeting usually includes parents if further
  referral is made.

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MSAs Brochures Parents Are Heroes and 21
Reasons Teens Alcohol Dont Mix
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STARR Referral Card Front of Card Duplicates
the Poster
 
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STARR Works with School Disciplinary and
Counseling Processes
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STARR Referrals, Jan 2007 Jan 2009
The Program is in full operation at only one
school (comprehensive with one year of MSA
prevention) and has been functioning since Winter
2007. It will begin in two more schools in
February 2009. Referrals Fall 2007-08 Total
Students Source of Referral Rec
Further Primary Drug 2007 Treatment 18
17 Disciplinary 6 11 Alcohol 1 Self
Referral 6 Marijuana 1 Amphetamines
Referrals Fall Semester 2008 19 14
Disciplinary 2 14 Alcohol 2 Self Referral
5 Marijuana 3 Parent REFERRAL RATE
has doubled in one year. Use of a STARR Poster
and and STARR Referral Card (to be given to
students), begun in December 2008, is expected to
increase self referrals.
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Sample Outcomes of First Three Years

• District 1 Alternative HS after Two Years of
  Social Norms Campaign
• 1. Percent Decrease in Frequency ( of occasions)
  How many times used? Alcohol -18 Marijuana
  -7 Tobacco-28 Other Drugs-56
• 2. Percent Decrease in average of Drinks per
  occasion -17.6
• 3. Percent Decrease in binge drinking (4 per
  occasion)-32
• 4. Percent Increase in Abstention Alcohol 5
  Marijuana29 Tobacco72 Other Drugs32

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Reductions in Consequences after 2-Year Social
Norms Campaign
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Reductions in Consequences after 2-Year Social
Norms Campaign
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Change in Consequences after 1-Year of Social
Norms Campaign
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Results of CAGE CRAFFT Screening From 30 to
38 Need Intervention or Treatment

• E

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Preliminary Evaluation of STARR

• Of 11 students who have experienced STARR in the
  last year and filled out a feedback form

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Characteristics of 21 High School Students
Referred to STARR, Warning Signs

• Family history of AOD problems or addiction 57
• age 15 or under when began to use cigarettes
  77
• age 15 or under when began to use marijuana 71
• age 15 or under when began to drink alcohol 55
• referred to STARR as freshman or sophomore 38
• age 15 or under when began to use other drugs
  illegally (prescriptions or other) 25
• age 15 or under when referred to intervention 25

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Characteristics of 21 High School Students
Referred to STARR, More Warning Signs

• got in trouble while under the influence 67
• drove/rode w/driver under the influence 57
• had fight or argument under the influence 47
• been trouble with police 35
• citation for Minor in Possession (MIP) 25
• cited for other charge (not DUI or MIP) 25
• been hurt or injured while/after using AOD 20

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STARR Students Experience Much Higher Rate of
Negative Consequences than Other Students  
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Parent Talk Can Prevent Underage AOD Use

• The frequency of parents speaking to their child
  about alcohol influences the number of occasions
  upon which he/she drinks. Parent must make clear
  that the parent would be very upset if the child
  drank or used other drugs.
• Kent County High School students surveyed who
  perceive that their parents strongly disapprove
  of their drinking or using other drugs are less
  likely to drink (80 do NOT) -- AND seldom use
  other illegal drugs or make illegal use of legal
  drugs .
• The Chi-Square statistic in this case is 32.001
  with a p-value of 0.022. That is, we are 95
  certain that the pattern is NOT random.
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Do Parents Know if Their Teens Use AOD?

• Most Parents Surveyed by MSA Know Whether or NOT
  Their Children Use Tobacco or Others
  Prescriptions, But Are Less Accurate in
  Estimating Use of the Most Used Drugs
• Alcohol and Marijuana.

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Parents as well as Students Have Misperceptions
re. Underage AOD Use

• Student v. Parent v. Actual Use/Non-use

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Parents Need More Accurate Information on AOD
Risks

• Responses to AOD Knowledge Questions on MSA
  Parent Survey
• Underage drinking results in permanent damage to
  the memory. True 75
• Adolescents need only drink half as much as
  adults to suffer the same negative effects on the
  brain. True 81
• Teens who drink frequently usually outgrow
  alcohol use and do not become problem drinkers or
  addicts as adults. False 90
• Underage drinking usually leads to lower grade
  point averages. True 90
• The younger a person is when starting to drink,
  the higher the chances of alcohol addiction.
  True 96
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Recent High School Poster 2009
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Sample University Poster formatted as a Bus
Advertisement
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Student Newspaper Ad - University
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For More Information www.alertlabs.org