External vs' Internal Control, Game Preference and Satisfaction

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External vs. Internal Control, Game Preference
and Satisfaction

• Misty Herbert, Dawn Belle Isle, and Sean Pierce
• University of Nebraska at Kearney
• Psychology Department
• Dr. Miller, Sir

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Locus of Control

• Refers to the individual differences and the
  generalized belief in internal and external
  control on reinforcements (Rotter, 1966)

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History

• Rotter and Phares (1966)
• Coined the term Locus of Control
• Two Types of People
• Internal
• External

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Internals

• Belief in control over ones fate and destiny
• Example Statement
• I got a good grade on the test because I studied
  hard.

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Externals

• Belief in no control over ones fate or destiny
• Example Statement
• I got a bad grade on the test because the
  teacher hates me.

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Past Study

• Schneider (1968)
• Game preference and Locus of Control
• Internals preferred skill games
• Externals preferred chance games
• No mention of satisfaction

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Hypotheses

• Preferences for games between different levels of
  locus of control (externals and internals)
• Males prefer games more than females
• Satisfaction
• Internals ? Skill
• External ? Chance

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Method

• Participants
• 205 students (74 males 131 females).
  Participants recruited undergraduate courses and
  Junior and Senior high school students

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Materials

• Preference of games questionnaire
• Locus of Control Internality, Powerful Others
  and Chance
• Satisfaction Questionnaire

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Game Preference Questionnaire

• Monopoly
• Jenga
• Trivial Pursuit
• Risk
• Life
• Win, Lose, or Draw
• Uno
• Mind Games

• Checkers
• Scrabble
• Gestures
• Chess
• Dominoes
• Sorry
• Scategories

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Locus of Control

• Internality
• Extent to which people believe they have control
• Powerful Others
• Other people control the events
• Chance
• Degree to which chance effects outcomes

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Satisfaction Questionnaire

• War vs Black Jack
• War --gt Chance
• Black Jack --gt Skill
• What game did you play?
• How satisfied were you with the game?
• Is this a game you would normally play?
• Would you have preferred the other game?

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Design and Procedures

• Consent form
• Preference Questionnaire
• IPC Questionnaire
• Random Assigned Game
• Satisfaction
• Debriefing

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Results
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Game Preferences

• Three Sub scales
• Internality --gt Significant
• Powerful Others --gt No difference
• Chance --gt No Difference

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Game Preference with Internality Scale

• Monopoly .192
• Jenga .255
• Life .142
• Checkers .157
• Scrabble .137
• Dominoes .139

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Discussion

• Our first hypothesis was only partially confirmed
• For game of skill no difference.
• For game of chance Significant difference
• Is Black Jack a good game of skill?

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• Second hypothesis Preferences
• Our hypothesis was confirmed under the subscale
  of level of internality
• No effect under chance or powerful other
• Gender

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Future Research

• Does the Partners Gender matter?
• Is locus of control indicative of other leisure
  activities?