Mineral Nutrition

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Mineral Nutrition
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What are the 17 essential nutrients?

• C H O P K N S Ca Fe Mg Na Cl Cu Mn Co Zn Mo B
  Ni
• C. H O P KN S café Mighty good (but) Not always
  Clean. CuMn CoZn MoB(y)?
• Ni (1989)

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What are the Primary Nutrients?Macronutrients

• Nitrogen
• Phosphorous
• Potassium

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What are the Secondary Nutrients?

• Sulfur
• Calcium
• Magnesium

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What essential elements do plants get from the
air and water? (micronutrients)

• Carbon
• Hydrogen
• Oxygen

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What are the Micronutrients?

• Iron
• Boron
• Zinc
• Manganese
• Copper
• Molybdenum
• Chlorine

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Elements essential to growth

• C Carbon
• H Hydrogen
• O Oxygen
• P Phosphorus
• K Potassium
• N Nitrogen
• S Sulfur
• Ca Calcium
• Fe Iron

• Mg Magnesium
• Na Sodium
• Cl Chlorine
• Cu Copper
• Mn Manganese
• Co Cobalt
• Zn Zinc
• Mo Molybdenum
• B Boron

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Functions of Primary Nutrients and the
deficiency symptoms?

• Nitrogen other than water, most important,
  determines rate of growth
• deficiency yellowing of leaves
• Phosphorous needed most during germination and
  during fruit/seed formation
• deficiency stunted growth, purple color in
  leaves
• Potassium mostly regulatory
• deficiency stunted growth, mottled leaves

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Why is a knowledge of soil nutrients necessary?

• maximize yield
• maximize profit
• maintain soil fertility

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What is Fertilizer Analysis?

• it is the amount of the different nutrients found
  in a fertilizer
• the amount is listed as a percent
• it is ALWAYS listed Nitrogen-Phosphorous-Potassium
  (N-P-K)
• a fertilizer labeled 10-15-10 is 10 Nitrogen,
  15 Phosphorous, and 10 Potassium
• if there is a fourth letter it is for Sulfur

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How do we apply fertilizer?

• Dry
• Liquid
• Gas

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Foliar
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Dry
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How many pounds of Nitrogen are in a 50 lb bag of
10-15-10?

• 10 of 50 lbs 5 lbs Nitrogen

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Pounds of Actual Nutrients in a 50 lb bag of
10-15-10?

• add up 101510 35 nutrients or 17.5 lbs

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What is the other 65 of this bag?

• inert materials (filler)
• No nutrient value

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Analysis

• A hobby gardener buys a bag of Ortho
  Turfbuilder" uptown for 31.95. The bag weighs
  62 and has an analysis of 22-3-3-10.
• How many pounds of actual nutrients?
• What is the cost per pound of actual nutrients?

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• 62 lbs x .22 13.64 lbs
• 62 lbs x 0.03 1.86 lbs
• 62 lbs x 0.03 1.86 lbs
• 62 lbs x .10 6.2 lbs
• Total pounds of actual nutrients 23.56 lbs
• 31.95/23.56 lbs 1.36/lb of nutrient

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1. A grower wants to apply 125 lbs. Of actual
nitrogen per acre to a crop using
ammoniumsulfate. How many lbs. How many pounds
fertilizer will he apply per acre? How many tons
are needed for 65 acres?

• 125/.21 595.24 lbs/ac
• 595.24 x 65 38690.6
• 38690.6/2000 19.35 tons

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Soil Conservation

• SCS Soil Conservation Service est. 1933
• In the US erosion has damaged nearly 272 million
  acres.

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Factors Affecting Erosion

• 1. Amount of plant cover
• 2. Rainfall (intensity, duration,
• distribution)
• 3. Topography of the land
• 4. Soils physical properties

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Methods of Conservation

• 1. Grass waterways
• 2. Contour tillage
• 3. Contour strip-cropping
• 4. Terraces