Aerobic

1
Aerobic Respiration
2
Energy from Glucose
After digestion, we turn our food into glucose.
The glucose is then broken down to get the energy
form it.
1 gram of glucose contains 3811 calories of energy
1 calorie is enough energy to raise 1 gram of
water by 10 Celsius
3
Energy to Make ATP
sunlight
The energy used to keep organisms alive
originally came from _______________.
glucose
Plants store this energy in the high-energy
molecule called _________________.
ATP
The energy in glucose is used to make ________
which keeps cells alive.
aerobic respiration
Using the energy of glucose to make ATP is called
____________ _______________.
Equation for Aerobic Respiration
C6H12O6
6O2
6CO2
6H2O
____________ ____________
____________ ____________ energy
(glucose)
(oxygen)
(carbon dioxide)
(water)
Steps of Aerobic Respiration
glycolysis
1. ________________________________________
breakdown of pyruvic acid
2. ________________________________________
citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle)
3. ________________________________________
electron transport chain
4. ________________________________________
4
Aerobic Respirations 1st Step - Glycolysis
glucose
Glycolysis is the breaking apart of
____________________.
4 ATP
2 ATP
2 pyruvic acids
2 NADH
2 H
glucose
pyruvic acids
1. Glycolysis takes __________ and breaks it into
2 _______________________.
ATP
NADH
H
2. Net gain from glycolysis 2 __________, 2
______________, and 2 _______.
oxygen
3. Glycolysis is anaerobic, which means it does
not require ___________________.
5
Aerobic Respirations 2nd Step - The breakdown of
pyruvic acid
Note 2 ATP are also necessary to break down
pyruvic acid (net gain in ATP -2 ATP)
acetyl-CoA
1. Following glycolysis, each pyruvic acid
becomes an __________________________.
2
2. Because glycolysis makes 2 pyruvic acids, this
step makes _____ acetyl-CoA.
NADH
CO2
3. Net gain from 2nd step 2 ___________ are made
and 2 _________ are released.
Fermentation
If oxygen is not present, this 2nd step will not
occur. Instead, the pyruvic acid will be used in
what is called ___________________________.
fermentation
ethyl alcohol
Some organisms, such as yeast, change the pyruvic
acid into _________ __________. This type of
fermentation is called __________________
_________________________.
alcoholic fermentation
lactic acid
Some cells, such as muscle cells, change the
pyruvic acid into _________ _________. This type
of fermentation is called ___________ ___________
________________________.
lactic acid fermentation
ATP
Neither type of fermentation provides any
________ molecules for the cells.
6
Lactic Acid Fermentation

• Lactic Acid Fermentation
• ATPs made _____
• NADs made _____

0
2

• Alcoholic Fermentation
• ATPs made _____
• NADs made _____

0
2
Alcoholic Fermentation
Glycolysis will not occur if NAD is not present
but will occur if NAD is present and ATP is
made.
0
Fermentation makes ___ ATP. But it does make
_______. This allows glycolysis to make more
______.
NAD
ATP
7
Aerobic Respirations 3rd Step - The Citric Acid
Cycle
With oxygen present, acetyl-CoA made from the
breakdown of pyruvic acid goes to the citric acid
cycle.
acetyl- CoA
NADH
CO2
oxaloacetic acid
NADH
ATP
FADH2
NADH
CO2
8
1. The Citric Acid Cycle starts by
________________ entering the cycle.
acetyl-CoA
2. It joins with ________________________ to
start the cycle.
oxaloacetic acid
3. The Citric Acid Cycle produces ____ NADH from
one glucose molecule.
6

• 4. The Citric Acid Cycle produces ____ FADH2 from
  one glucose molecule.

2
CO2
5. The Citric Acid Cycle releases 4 molecules of
______ to the atmosphere.
Aerobic Respirations 4th Step - The Electron
Transport Chain
(2 things must happen during this step the 2nd
is on the next slide)
3
1. Each NADH gives electrons to the electron
transport chain allowing it to make _____ ATP.
2
2. Each FADH2 gives electrons to the electron
transport chain allowing it to make _____ ATP.
O2
H2O
3. The electrons end up adding to _____ which
combines with H ions to make __________.
Oxygen is said to be the final electron acceptor
because it is the last substance to take the
electrons coming through the electron transport
chain.
9
In addition, H ions moving through ATP synthase,
cause it to turn and provide energy to make the
ATPs.
10
Summary of Aerobic Respiration
10
2
36
1. Aerobic respiration makes a total of _____
NADH, _____ FADH2, and _______ ATP.
10 NADH x 3 ATP 30 ATP
2 FADH2 x 2 ATP 4 ATP
ATP Production
Glycolysis Breakdown of Pyruvic Acid Citric
Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) Electron Transport
Chain Total
2 ATP -2 ATP 2 ATP 34 ATP 36 ATP