Modul I' Budapest PUBLIC HEALTH

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Modul I. BudapestPUBLIC HEALTH

• Melinda Pénzes MD
• Semmelweis University Faculty of Health Sciences
• Department of Public Health

ICHCI, Belgium, 2007.
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Modul I. Budapest

• 14 students (Belgium, Denmark, Hungary
  Netherlands, Portugal)
• Public Health
• the science and practice of
• preventing disease,
• prolonging life,
• promoting physical health and efficiency,
• through organized community efforts.
• Based on society- and natural sciences.

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Fields of Public Health

• Demography
• Epidemiology
• Statistics
• Sociology
• Epidemiology of infectious and non-infectious
  diseases
• Food hygiene and nutritional health
• Environmental health
• Occupational health
• Health promotion
• Health care system
• Multidisciplinarity
• Multisectorial science

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(No Transcript)
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Hungary - Budapest
Parliament
Castle of Buda
Heroes Square
Chain-bridge
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Debrecen
The Great Plain and Hortobágy
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Szeged
Pécs
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Lake Balaton
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Topics of Public Health Modul

• Health care system in Hungary
• Health care law
• Hungarian National Public Health Program
• Mother and child care
• Public health aspects of nursing
• Public health aspects of nutrition
• Public health aspects of physiotherapy

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Health care system in Hungary

• Health insurance from salary

black workers
In-patient / hospital health care
Primary health care
Out-patient health care
but
1.2
1.2
2.3
1.2
1.2 charge/day
Visit charge
National Public Health and Medical Officers
Service
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Health care law in Hungary

• Health care law regulates the public and private
  health affairs in the society.
• Health care law embraces
• the practice of medicine,
• the practice of the non-medical health care
  professionals,
• the administration of health services and
• the laws role in maintaining public health.
• Short history of Health Care Law in Hungary
• Generale Normativum in Re Sanitatis (1770)
• Act of Public Health (Act XIV of 1876)
• Act of Health Care (Act II of 1972)
• Health Act (Act CLIV of 1997)

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Health care law in Hungary

• The most important chapters of health act
• State responsibility with regard to the state of
  health of the population - organization and
  management of health
• Public health, health system, emergency medical
  services
• Professional requirements applicable to the
  health services
• Rights and duties of patients and health
  personnel.
• Provision of treatment and care to persons
  suffering from mental illness
• Provisions relating to deceased persons.
• Medical research on human subjects, embryos
• Transplantation of organs or tissues, blood
  transfusion

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Hungarian National Public Health Program

• Give all Hungarian citizens the opportunity to
  live as healthily as possible.
• The health status of the Hungarian population is
  extremely poor by international comparison and
  below what would be possible, given the countrys
  general level of socio-economic development.

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Hungarian National Public Health Program

• Action plans of the Program
• Creating a health promoting social environment
• E.g. healthy youth, improving the health of the
  elderly, equal opportunity for health
• Programs of healthy lifestyles, reducing risk
  factors to human health
• E.g. cutting back tobacco smoking, alcohol and
  drug prevention, healthy nutrition and food
  safety, promoting physical activity, public
  health and epidemiological safety, National
  Environment and Health Action Program
• Preventing avoidable mortality, morbidity and
  disability
• E.g. Reducing morbidity and mortality due to
  coronary heart diseases and cerebrovascular
  diseases, neoplasms, locomotor diseases, mental
  health, preventing AIDS
• Strengthening the institutional system of
  healthcare and public health to improve health
• E.g. public health screenings (mammography,
  cervical cancer, colon and rectal cancer),
  improving the provision of care, resource
  development, monitoring

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Hungarian National Public Health Program

• Comments
• The Program
• Only parliamentary resolution, not an act
• Excessively diversified, too many direction
• Want to fit to all public needs
• No adequate strategy for the implementation
• No appropriate governmental coordination
• No financial resources
• The capacity of human resources and institutional
  system of the implementation are much more less
  than the needs.
• The execution of the priorities are slightly or
  even not started yet.

http//www.oefi.hu/english.htm
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Death due to ischaemic heart diseases
(2004)(Standardised death rate per 100000
persons)
Source Eurostat
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Death due to cancer (2004)(standardised death
rate per 100000 persons)
Source Eurostat
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Death due to AIDS (2004)(standardised death rate
per 100000 presons)
Source Eurostat
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Mother and child care

• Nurses of mother and child care
• specially educated health professionals
• work at GPs surgeries, nurseries, schools
• perform their duties either without guidance or
  in co-operation with doctors or other medical
  experts
• Individual and family care (pregnant mothers,
  infants, advices in school)
• Public health care (screening, health promotion,
  immunization)
• you cant choose the nurses of mother and child
  care on your own, there are districts, about 250
  family / 1 full time worker health visitor

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Public health aspects of nutrition

• Improve the health, nutrition and well-being of
  individuals and groups founded on the sciences of
  epidemiology, food, nutrition and human
  behaviour.
• Community work is focused on nutritional
  education for children
• Dietary guidelines in Hungary, house of healthy
  nutrition
• Nutrition related diseases in Hungary
• overweight 34, obesity 20
• prevalence of cardiovascular diseases gt70
• prevalence of NIDDM 15
• Nutritional situation in Hungary
• excessive intake of energy, fat (animal fat),
  cholesterol, added sugar, salt.

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Public health aspects of physiotherapy

• Prevention and rehabilitation
• Prevention is better than cure
• Prevention and health promotion in physiotherapy
• schools
• fitness and sport centers, spas
• occupational health services
• workplaces

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Topics of the presentation

• Smoking and environment
• Effects of socio-economic characteristics on
  access to health services
• Migration and health care
• Target groups in communities

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Thank You for Your Attention!