Future

1
Future
Will, shall and be going to are often
used to describe future actions.
Thomas will graduate in June. Maria is going to
go to Mexico next week.
2
Future

• This is the FIRST PRINCIPAL PART
• with will or shall

I will go you will go (s)he will go
we will go you will go they will go
3
Tense Signs
English, as we have just seen, uses compound
verb forms to make the future tense

• Auxiliary verb (will, shall)
• Infinitive (without to)

Greek uses the

• Present stem
• Tense sign
• Personal Ending

4
Tense Sign
The Future Tense sign is sigma s Sometimes
sigma changes to y or c
5
Pers./Num.
Pronoun
Active End.
Middle End.
1st sing.
I
-w
-omai
2nd sing.
you
-eij
-h
3rd sing.
he/she/it
-ei
-etai
1st plur.
we
-omen
-omeqa
2nd plur.
you
-ete
-esqe
3rd plur.
they
-ousi
-ontai
6
FUTURE SINGULAR
Active
Middle
Number Person
First
a)kou/sw
poreu/somai
Second
a)kou/seij
poreu/sh
Third
a))kou/sei
poreu/setai
7
FUTURE PLURAL
Active
Middle
Number Person
First
a)kou/somen
poreusomeqa
Second
a)kou/sete
poreu/sesqe
Third
a))kou/sousi
poreu/sontai
8
Dental Sigma
The consonants d, q, z, and t are called
DENTALS because the sounds they represent
are made by putting the tongue on the teeth
When a SIGMA sound is added to a DENTAL
sound the DENTAL sound disappears and only the
SIGMA sound remains. s
9
ACTIVE SINGULAR
Present
Future
Number Person
First
bapti/zw
bapti/sw
Second
bapti/zeij
bapti/seij
Third
bapti/zei
bapti/sei
10
ACTIVE PLURAL
Present
Future
Number Person
First
bapti/zomen
bapti/somen
Second
bapti/zete
bapti/sete
Third
bapti/zousi
bapti/sousi
11
Labial Sigma
The consonants b, p, and f are called
LABIALS because the sounds they represent
are made by putting the lips together
When a SIGMA sound is added to a LABIAL
sound the result is a sound represented in Greek
by the letter psi. y
12
ACTIVE SINGULAR
Present
Future
Number Person
First
pe/mpw
pe/myw
Second
pe/mpeij
pe/myeij
Third
pe/mpei
pe/myei
13
ACTIVE PLURAL
Present
Future
Number Person
First
pe/mpomen
pe/myomen
Second
pe/mpete
pe/myete
Third
pe/mpousi
pe/myousi
14
Palatal (Velar) Sigma
The consonants g, k, x and ss and tt are called
PALATALS or VELARS because the sounds they
represent are made by putting the tongue on the
palate (velum)
When a SIGMA sound is added to a PALATAL/VELAR
sound the result is a sound represented in Greek
by the letter xi. c
15
MIDDLE SINGULAR
Present
Future
Number Person
First
proseu/xomai
proseu/comai
Second
proseu/xh
proseu/ch
Third
proseu/xetai
proseu/cetai
16
MIDDLE PLURAL
Present
Future
Number Person
First
proseuxo/meqa
proseuco/meqa
Second
proseu/xesqe
proseu/cesqe
Third
proseu/xontai
proseu/contai
17
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER agomeqa
a!gomai
If this is a DEPONENT, the dictionary form would
be
But if we look up a!gomai we will find nothing
a!gw
So we need to look under
and this is the form we will find in the
dictionary
18
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER e1rxetai
e1rxomai
If this is a DEPONENT, the dictionary form would
be
If we look up e1rxomai we find it
19
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER keleu/sousi
THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES
keleu/zw
keleu/tw
-----------
-----------
keleuw
keleu/dw
keleu/qw
-----------
-----------
20
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER grayetai
THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES
grapw
grafw
-----------
-----------
grabw
grabomai
grapomai
grafomai
-----------
-------------
-------------
21
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER diwch
THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES
diwkw
diwssw
----------
-----------
diwgw
diwgomai
diwkomai
diwssomai
-------------
------------
--------------
diwxw
diwxomai
---------
-------------
22
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER poreu/sesqe
THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES
----------
----------
----------
poreu/w
poreu/zw
poreu/tw
----------
----------
poreu/dw
poreu/qw
23
Finding the DICTIONARY FORM
CONSIDER poreu/sesqe
THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBILITIES
-----------
-----------
poreu/zomai
poreu/omai
poreu/tomai
-----------
-----------
poreu/domai
poreu/qomai