PowerPointPrsentation

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Different Impact Assessment due to different
protection goals
EP001
Environmental IA concerning specific projects)
and their impacts on humans (health, well-being),
animals and plants, soil, water, air, climate and
landscape, including the individual interaction
that may occur, cultural goods and other material
assets IA due to Habitat Directivecompatibili
ty with the conservation objectives
(biodiversity) of a Special protected area (SAC)
or a European bird sanctuary (SPA) Impact
regulationfunctions of the natural ecology (
Naturhaushalt), worthy to be maintaned and the
amenity value (beauty) of the landscape(the
ecosystem and the natural scenery)
SEA
(PEEN) Interlinked Biotopes
eg. SPHP, MDPL
Environmental planning in the FRG instruments
related to landscape planning according to the
Federal Nature Conservation Act
after JESSEL RECK 1999
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EIA, main goal Comparison of different
alternatives
The environmental impact assessment represents an
integral part of procedures applied by
authorities when deciding upon the approval of
projects. Environmental impact assessment
comprises identification, description and
assessment of a project's effects on 1. human
beings, animals and plants, soil, water, air,
climate and landscape, including the individual
interaction that may occur, 2. cultural goods and
other material assets.
Information on the Probable Scope of Examination
As soon as the developer informs the competent
authority on the planned project this authority
shall discuss with him subject, extent and
methods of the environmental impact assessment as
well as other questions of significance for the
conduct of the assessment according to the
respective state of planning and on the basis of
suitable documents provided by the developer. For
this purpose other authorities, experts and third
parties may be called in. The competent authority
shall inform the developer on the probable scope
of the assessment as well as on the type and
scope of the documents probably to be provided.
http//www.iuscomp.org/gla/statutes/UVPG.htm
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Scopig Design of investigation area (FFH-IA.
EIA, impact regul.)
project area impact area severe eff. effect
area all effects compensation area
1. Planning question How to analyse, how to get
information about a given landscape(in EIA
legal scoping process about (necessary contents
and methods according to special questions or
planning intentions)
p
i
e
c
nach BfN, HERBERT in lit
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5. planning measures 4. objectives and proposals
for development (getting environmental quality
guidelines and env. goals) 3. analysis
evaluation of the data 2. assembling data on
the natural ecology 1. scoping
Evaluation Planning
Execution

• Land use (conflicts)
• Air climate
• Soil
• Geology
• Water
• Flora Fauna
• Amenity value of landscapes

subjects of protection
Getting an model (an idea) of this landsc(ape
Real landscape
Grafikaus BASTIAN
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landscape development scoping ideas
\\Oezksrv\transfer\t8\Master 1st Sem. 06_07

• A former military training area (deserted since
  5 months) could be transformed for public use or
  one big industrial plant (more information ff)
• Tasks
• Compilation Which information is necessary for
  creating environmentally reasonable planning
  ideas?
• Which instruments should be regarded coming to
  terms with impacts (according to the information
  on page 2 and 3), which instruments should be
  regarded for environmental purposes)
• Scoping for your individual planning idea and the
  industrial plant Which conflicts with
  environmental goals could be expected, which
  information should be regarded or which
  investigation should be done for each respective
  instrument

Conversion area preparing both, a
scoping-meeting for env. tasks a planning
competition
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general conditions, schematical
Lias
arable fields
forest
meadow, parks
alluvial sediment
1500 m
Keuper
former gravel pitnow protected arrea
highway.
railway
600ha
river
available Milit. Area (used (since 1870), with
old oak-woods , ponds ,etc.
N
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Characteristics
former military training area, recently
abandoned 600 hectares used for training
purposes since 1870 inventory Typical ruderal
vegetation and abandoned pastures, localy by
lightweight tanks compressed or disturbed soils
(type of soil heterogenous, in some places
loamy, in some places sandy), many dugouts
(digging pits), blasting pits, very old trees,
woodlands not used (oak with likely habitats for
eg Osmoderma eremita), some housing, some garages
and storehouses, sheepshelters, shallow ponds
(temporary), a creek, traffic infrastructure
(mono-railway, concrete trail, pathes) town 35
thousand inhabitants, rapid growth between 1950
bis 1970, scarcely any green spaces, good jobs
(more than average) in machine construction,
electronics, IT, medicine techniques, technical
colleges, (until recently 550 soldiers), small
harbour at the ship-lane, in the (former)
floodplain outskirts abanoned gravel pits in
general no more area for settlement expansion on
plain area in the river valley, conflicts with
noise and air pollution (many days without wind,
atmospheric inversion in winter) expectations
Landowner (federal government) making a good
sale for the area Trade organizations New
(additional ) areas for, high-tech-industries,
dispatchers and high-price offices or idea of one
big industrial plant producing micrchips Social
welfare inexpensive housing pace, esp. for
families with young children Nature conservancy
Conservation of threatened species and biotopes,
spaces for nature experience
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10 km
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ca. 10 km
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EIA federal motorwa No 20 agenda time
consumption
resulting best alternative
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EIA federal motorwa No 20 agenda
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Effects typical impact distances of road
traffic (scoping information)
habitat loss airborne emissions accident- c
onsequences change of local climate
waterborne emissions fragmentation
traffic mortality Invasion by road-side
species opening up
from RECK 1990
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RECK
mortality as a function of 1. traffic density
and 2. velocity of rectangular crossing animals
(after Hels Buchwald 2000)
mortality Roe deer (18 km/h) max. 1-2 2000
cars/day toad ca. 99 1000 - 2000 cars/day
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before after
Distribution of grasshopper individuals before
and after road construction percentage of all
individuals caught in different distance from the
planned or respectively built road all
individuals were individually marked and
movements were noticed after road construction
movements of adults were more frequently oriented
away from traffic (70 of all noted movements)
than in direction towards the road (30 or all
movements)
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Distribution of grasshopper individuals before
and after road construction percentage of all
individuals caught in different distance from the
planned or respectively built road all
individuals were individually marked and
movements were noticed after road construction
movements of adults were more frequently oriented
away from traffic (70 of all noted movements)
than in direction towards the road (30 or all
movements)
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Effects Additional Pollution caused by 50.000
cars/day
(motorway, supposed average velocity 120 km/h)
from RASSMUS et al 2002, after MLuS
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Effects traffic density and vegetation changes
in heathland
Change of vegetation coenosis (species
composition) near roads
Recognizable change but serious impact?
from Angold (1996)
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Deriving impact assessment in general
scoping
Data collection preliminary analysis (natural
inventory)
Valuation of the natural inventoryIdentificaton
of valuable ecological traits (potentially
affected)Identification of deciding
factorsparticularly significant valuable
features(populations of threatended species,
cor-ridors for migratory species, water flow
regulation, recreation qualities, ... spatially
explicit identification ofenvironmentally
quality goals
Prediction of environmental change Identifying
(predicting) intensity and rangeof
project-related effective factors(exhaust,
noise, sealingIdentification of affected
acceptors(Populations, ecological
processes,...) prediction of the alteration of
the acceptors(at least assessment of their
sensibility) if they are deciding factors
Synthesis

• Integrative assessment
• Severity of conflicts between goals of the
  project and site-specific environmental
  objectives
• Extent, severity and permanence of predicted
  ecological impairments
• Derivation of measures
• Based on the requirements of affected goods and
  functions necessity, practicability and extent
• of compensation or replacement

Deriving impact assessment the extent of
compensation by synthesis of scientific
approaches and socio-politically based valuation
procedures
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eg Biodiversity Standard indicators
(representative acceptors)
Additionals, Special Algae, selected
species Fungi Lichens Bats Other small
mammals Fish Snails and Bivalves Crayfish Wood
inhabiting beetles Bees and wasps Ants Moths Aqua
tic insects Turbellaria Spiders
Standardselecion Vascular plants Birds Reptiles Am
phibians Ground Beetle Butterflies Grasshoppers
crickets Dragonflies Game
taxa to be mapped for terrestrial
construction affected types of ecosystems
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Water bodies and banks
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obligatory, if spawning grounds are affected
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Arable fields (and similar managed biotopes)
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All other biotopes outside of woodlandand
ecotones to woodland
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Woodland, shrubland
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Biotopes of caves and buildings
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(Subterranean waterbodies)
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Wells
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Standard for terrestrial impacts
Recommended addition
nach RECK 1992, verändert
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eg Biodiv. Investig. intensities in different
levels of road planning
from RECK KAULE 1994
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investigation intensities in different levels of
road planning -2
from RECK KAULE 1994
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investigation intensities in different levels of
road planning -3
from RECK KAULE 1994
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investigation intensities in different levels of
road planning -4
vp phytosociological or similar description, if
necessary exact localisa-tion of indicator
species r will be noticed while investigation of
other taxa or if necessary (threatened species)
exactly mapped a at all spawning grounds, 3
times of field investigation, 1 control of
succeeding development, controlling of migration
routes gt pitfall traps and special collecting,
2 - 3 seasonal aspects and hibernation points b
4 - 5 seasonal aspects if necessary special
survey of indicator species gc 1 - 2 seasonal
aspects, if necessary special survey of indicator
species d 3 (running waters) or 5 - 9 (pools,
lakes) seasonal aspects ga interviews of local
hunters, if nec-essary searching of foot
prints B) as required by the results of the
environmental impact study (methods see RECK
KAULE 1993)
8.11.
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EIA Comparison of different alternatives
P_Str_001
Alternatives for ring-roads Problem Appropriat
e selectionof alternatives
1-6
In brown Important areas for speciesconservati
on
too many bends?
after KAULE et al.
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EIA, alternatives Some (crucial) criteria for
selection
P_Str_001
noise above 50/55 dB(A) acreage in recreation
areas
fuel consumption in l/a resp.
fuel-savings
noise above 50/55 dB(A) acreage in open space
areas
noise reduction in urban ar-eas due to people
equivalent
consumption of acreage in open space areas
consumption of highly valuatet habitas
fragmentation of highly valuatet habitas
consumption of highly valuatet soils
groundwater pollution risk
fragmentation of highly valuatetrecreation
areas
fragmentation of the townsfresh air catchment
areas
contamination of highly valuatet habitas
contamination of highly valuatet soils
after KAULE et al.
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Strategic Environmental assessment
The objective of is to provide for a high level
of protection of the environment and to
contribute to the integration of environmental
considerations into the preparation and adoption
of plans and programmes with a view to promoting
sustainable development, by ensuring that, in
accordance with this Directive, an environmental
assessment is carried out of certain plans and
programmes which are likely to have significant
effects on the environment. Environmental
assessment shall mean the preparation of an
environmental report, the carrying out of
consultations, the taking into account of the
environmental report and the results of the
consultations in decision-making and the
provision of information on the decision Due to
the European Treaty that provides that Community
policy on the environment is to contribute to,
inter alia, the preservation, protection and
improvement of the quality of the environment,
the protection of human health and the prudent
and rational utilisation of natural resources and
that it is to be based on the precautionary
principle. While Article 6 of the Treaty provides
that environmental protection requirements are to
be integrated into the definition of Community
policies and activities, in particular with a
view to promoting sustainable development. Or
due to the Convention on Biological Diversity
that requires Parties to integrate as far as
possible and as appropriate the conservation and
sustainable use of biological diversity into
relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans and
programmes.
http//europa.eu.int/eur-lex/pri/en/oj/dat/2001/l_
197/l_19720010721en00300037.pdf.
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Impact assessment and regulation
concept of the main highway network VDE, aus
Raumord- nungsbericht 2000
proposed German Habitat Network 1st draft of
main corridors