OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard

1

• OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard
• Dirk Pilat
• Economic Analysis and Statistics Division
• Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry
• OECD
• Presentation for Workshop on European Indices and
  Scoreboards
• Brussels, 25 October 2005

2
STI Scoreboard 2005

• 7th edition of biannual series
• Almost 80 indicators, over 200 figures
  Statistical Annex
• Around 30 new indicators compared to 2003
  edition
• Brings together work from 3 STI Committees
  other Directorates
• Additional coverage of non-OECD countries
• Similar format double-pages with
• text methodological box sources/references
• graphs

3
Outline of the 2005 STI Scoreboard
A. RD and innovation creating and diffusing
knowledge B. Human resources in ST knowledge
and skills C. Patents protecting and
commercialising knowledge D. ICT an enabler for
the knowledge society E. Knowledge flows and the
global enterprise F. The impact of knowledge on
productive activities The 6 areas cover several
aspects of the knowledge-based economy, including
its translation into economic activity.
4
Work underlying the 2005 STI Scoreboard

• Work by several statistical working parties
• National Experts on Science and Technology
  Indicators (NESTI)
• Working Party on Indicators for the Information
  Society (WPIIS)
• Statistical Working Party of the Committee on
  Industry and Business Environment.
• Methodological Work
• Frascati Manual (for RD surveys)
• Oslo Manual (for innovation surveys)
• Handbook on globalisation indicators (e.g.
  activities of MNEs)
• OECD Productivity Manual
• Guide on Information Society Measurement
• Framework on Biotechnology Statistics
• Databases ANBERD, STAN, foreign affiliates, etc.

5
Intensity of business RD varies across OECD
countries(Business RD expenditure as of GDP)
Source OECD MSTI Database, July 2005
6
China has become the third largest performer of
RD at the global level
7
Switzerland leads in terms of triadic patents per
million population (China has very few)
8
Patenting has increased, mainly thanks to ICT and
biotechnology(trends in the number of triadic
patents, 1985-2001)
9
The take-up of ICT still varies across
countriesBusiness use of ICT, 2004, of firms
with more than 10 employees
10
ICT has become important for trade in some
countriesTotal e-commerce transaction value,
2002-2004, as of total turnover
11
Human CapitalHighly skilled migrants from OECD
and non-OECD countries, by OECD country of
residence, 2001, as a of highly skilled natives
in country of residence
12
Human CapitalScience and engineering degrees as
a of all new degrees, 2002
13
GlobalisationContribution of foreign affiliates
to productivity growth in manufacturing,
1995-2001, in points
14
GlobalisationChange in the share of total OECD
high and medium-high-technology exports,
1994-2003, point change in shares
15
These indicators (and the underlying data) can be
used to examine links to economic growth,
productivity competitiveness

• OECD has carried out empirical work on all
  factors
• Studies to link innovation and RD to
  productivity and growth.
• Work to examine the economic impacts of ICT
• Work on human capital and productivity.
• Studies on entry/exit, firm dynamics and
  productivity.
• Work on multinationals and productivity growth.
• Also some work on trade competitiveness.
• The basic indicators can be linked to economic
  impacts.
• Policy influences can also be studied, e.g. by
  examining cross-country differences and policy
  indicators.

16
The US and small EU countries have had a large
contribution of ICT investment, France, Germany
and Italy a small one(contribution of ICT
capital services to GDP growth, in percentage
points)
Source OECD Productivity Database, September
2005.
17
The contribution of ICT-using services to
productivity growthContribution to GDP per hour
worked, annual compound growth rate, in
18
Comparative advantageContribution to the
manufacturing trade balance, 2003, as a of
total manufacturing trade
19
The Scoreboard 2005 is available

• In paper, electronic (pdf) versions web book
  (access to underlying data)
• Summary in 20 languages
• Country notes for the United States, France,
  Germany, Japan, United Kingdom
• See www.oecd.org/sti/scoreboard
• Electronic edition www.sourceoecd.org/scoreboard

20
For more information

• dirk.pilat_at_oecd.org