Ecodesign

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Eco-design

• I Introduction

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Kristjan Piirimäe

• Researcher, PhD Student of TTU
• Partner, Hendrikson Ko
• 05116916
• kristjan.piirimae_at_ttu.ee

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What is eco-design?

• Assessment tools for the environmental dimension
  of sustainable development, as an aid to business
  decision making

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The area of eco-design
Natural sciences
Eco-design
Social and macro-economic issues
Micro-economics and technology
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Interdisciplinary framework of eco-design

• Natural sciences ecology, thermodynamics,
  physical laws, relationships that shape
  ecosystems or support human health
• Microeconomics and technology economic
  relationships, structures and products that shape
  business systems
• Social issues and macroeconomics the social
  structures and issues that shape society,
  reflecting peoples values

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Mechanisms that can contribute to sustainable
production, consumption and waste management

• Environmental management housekeeping, location
  choices etc
• Technologies
• Product choice for consumption function
• Life style of consumption pattern travelling
  less etc.

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Environmental policy related to production and
consumption

• Promotion of end-of-the-pipe technologies
• Zoning regulations
• Policy programmes, first of all directed at
  industry ? integrated measures

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Integrated measures

• Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) product
  take-back, upstream impact, waste management
  OECD
• Integrated Product Policy (IPP) life cycle
  perspective, focusing on product EC
• Integrated Pollution Prevention Control (IPPC)
  operating permits, best available techniques
  The European IPPC Bureau
• UNEP Industry and Environment (UNEP IE) cleaner
  and safer industrial production

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Pressure
State
Response
Use of resources
Action
Outputs

• Endangering human health
• Affecting Eco-capacity
• Loss of biodiversity
• Resource depletion

Materials
Waste
Economy and society
Energy
Effluents
Waste
Emissions
Land
Reduction of resource extraction
Control of pollutants
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Dualistic approach in chain analysis
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Problem shifting
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System definition

• Function-oriented starting for the system
  definition is a specific social demand or
  function. System comprises all processes upstream
  and downstream fulfilling the function
  cradle-to-grave analysis
• Region-oriented system is limited in space and
  time, such as a year of a company
• Agreement-oriented systems are defined in
  informal ways, as an agreement of stakeholders

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Function-oriented system
gas
Electricity generation
CO2, NOx, SO2
steam
electricity
bulbs
Bulb use
1000 hr light use
waste
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Region-oriented system
FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Mining and extraction
Production
Usage
LEAD 2003
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Agreement-oriented system
Supplier A
Electricity generation
raw material
Company X
Company D
Recycler B
waste
Waste treatment
waste
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Decision making methodologies in environmental
management (environmental toolbox)

• Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA)
• Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA)
• Material Flow Accounting (MFA)
• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
• Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA)
• Environmental Input Output Analysis (IOA)
• Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA)

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The role of environmental toolbox in
decision-making
Demand for environmental information ? ? ?
Environmental toolbox CBA LCA ERA SFA Etc.
Demand
Supply
Decisions