Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3

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Anatomy and PhysiologyChapter 3
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Female Reproductive
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Ovarian Cycle

• Follicular Phase-formation of mature egg.
• Anterior pituitary- FSH and LH
• Ovulation-mature follicle ruptures-Lifespan of
  ovum is 24 hrs.
• 14 days before menses- Mucus less hostile
• Luteal-ovulation until menstrual cycle.
  Progesterone cause increase in BMT

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Endometrial Cycle

• Proliferative-building up of endometrial lining-
  Estrogen driven- until ovulation
• Secretory-follows ovulation- Progesterone
  driven-preparing for implantation
• Menstrual- sloughing of endometrial lining-blood
  released.
• Average 3-5 days

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Menstrual Cycle Hormones

• Gonadotropin Releasing hormone-Hypothalamus-
  causes release of FSH LH
• FSH-Maturation of follicle
• LH-maturation and luteinizing of
  follicle-estrogen down progesterone up
• Estrogen-increases size of uterus
• Progesterone-increase before ovulation-maintains
  pregnancy
• Prostaglandins-in menstrual flow- all effects not
  well understood