LEED

1
LEED

• Leadership in Energy EnvironmentalDesign

2
Its Not Easy Being Green
3
CTDA Greenbuilding Committee
Chairman Howard L. Pryor CCS, CTC,
CCTS Director of Architectural
Services Conestoga Ceramic Tile

• Tom Facca - American Olean
• Mike Ward - EPC America
• Mitch Hawkins - Laticrete International
• Noah Chitty - StonePeak Ceramics Inc.
• Earl Maicus, CSI - Schluter Systems L.P.
• Kevin McFadden - Bonsal American

• Dan Marvin - Florida Tile
• Carole Schafmeister, FCSI, IIDA DB Tile
  Distributors
• Richard J. Deutsch - Jaeckle Distributors
• Peter F. Galgano - Cleftstone Works
• George Larrazabal - Mediterranea-USA
• Gabriele Brighetti - Arizona Tile

4
Introduction to LEED
5
Sustainability of Ceramic Tile
Introduction to LEED
Built Environment
6
Parameters for Measuring Green-Ness
Introduction to LEED
Materials Toxics
7
Embodied Energy
Introduction to LEED
8
Part of Design Strategy
Introduction to LEED
Energy Efficient HVAC Systems
9
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Introduction to LEED
Buildings not Cars
10
A Study by Roodman and Lenssen (1995)
Introduction to LEED
Buildings account for

• 12 Of Potable Water in the U.S. (15 trillion
  gallons per year)
• 25 Of its Annual Wood Harvest
• 70 Of U.S. Electric Consumption
• 36 Of Total U.S. Primary Energy Use
• 30 Of Total U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• 40 Of Raw Materials Use Globally (3 billion tons
  annually)
• 136 Million Tons of Building Related
  Construction and Demolition Debris Generated in
  the U.S. in a Single Year (approx. 2.8
  lbs/person/day)
• 209.7 Million Tons of Municipal Waste Generated

11
U.S. Green Building Council
USGBC
12
Members include
U.S. Green Building Council

• Manufacturers
• Architects
• Engineers
• Designers
• General Contractors
• Sub-Contractors

• Developers
• Building Owners
• Facility Managers
• Government Agencies
• Nonprofits
• End-Users

Composed of more than 12,000 Organizations
13
U.S. Green Building Council
Demand by Design Professionals for Healthy, Safe
and Productive Schools, Hospitals, Offices and
Homes Sustainable Mandates Previously Focused on
Energy, Water Conservation and Waste
Reduction New Consumer Driven Focus on Improved
Air Quality and Reduction of Toxic
By-Products Ceramic Tile Health and Safety
Benefits Inherent in Natural
Clay Products
14
Defining Green Building Programs
U.S. Green Building Council

• LEED
• Created for Designing, Constructing, Operating
  Certifying the Worlds Greenest Buildings
• USGBC Established a Common Standard of
  Measurement which applies to Projects, not
  Products or Services
• 1991 - Austin Green Building Program
  created to address local standards for
  home building
• 1999 EarthCraft House, Atlanta Georgia

15
Rating Systems Apply to Entire Building Projects
U.S. Green Building Council

• LEED USGBC
• Green Globes - GBI (Canada)
• Common Areas of Assessment
• Site selection and development
• Water conservation
• Energy efficiency and/or renewable energy
• Environmentally preferred materials and
  resources (life-cycle perspective)
• Indoor environmental quality
• Standards
• NAHB National Green Building Standard
• ASHRAE 90.1
• MNECB
• California, Other States, and Municipalities

16
U.S. Green Building Council
17
U.S. Green Building Council
18
3 Categories where Flooring May Contribute Credits
U.S. Green Building Council

• Construction or Installation Practices
• Points are awarded if certain vapor barriers are
  used
• Points are awarded if insulation is placed
  between the floor and the sub-floor
• Points are awarded if bathrooms are not carpeted
• Practices Designed to Minimize Waste or Encourage
  Reuse and Recycling
• Points may be earned by using a separate dumpster
  to collect and recycle floor covering products
• Choices About Which Products to Use
• If Ceramic Tile is certified by Green Guard
• If Ceramic Tile has a minimum Recycled content of
  25

19
LEED - Flexible Rating System

• Ongoing Development Process
• Adaptable to new Processes and Technologies
• Objective, Clear Concise, Actionable, Verifiable
  Documentation
• Updated Regularly Which Accounts for New
  Knowledge of Environmental Impacts

20
LEED For New Construction
Total Possible Points 69
21
Green Building Rating System

• Number of LEED Registered Projects as of July 07
  Worldwide
• New Construction 5,061
• Commercial Interiors 664
• Existing Buildings 463
• Core and Shell 619
• Total Commercial 6,807
• Homes 5,931
• Number of LEED Certified Projects as of July 07
  Worldwide
• New Construction 679
• Commercial Interiors 119
• Existing Buildings 49
• Core and Shell 37
• Total Commercial 884
• Homes 201

www.usgbc.org
22
LEED - Sources for Points
Must be fulfilled or the balance of the points
in the category will not be counted
Prerequisites Required elements all of which
must be met before a project can be considered
for LEED certification Core Credits Specific
actions a project may take in the five standard
areas Innovation Credits Extra Credit given
for exemplary performance beyond Core Credit
performance levels
CMHC Healthy House Martin Leifhebber Architect,
Toronto, Ontario
23
Prerequisite
24
LEED - Certification Levels
25
(No Transcript)
26
LEED - Point Distribution - NC
27
Benefits of Being Certified

• LEED Certified Buildings
• Are Less to Operate and Maintain
• Are Energy- and Water-Efficient
• Have Higher Lease-Up Rates than Conventional
  Buildings in their Markets
• Are a Physical Demonstration of Values of
  Organizations that Own and Occupy Them
• Provide Tax and Other Incentives from Certain
  Municipalities

28
Energy Star Buildings

• Buildings Within the 25 Most Efficient for
  Energy Conservation
• (Productivity benefits are estimated to be as
  much as 10 times the energy savings from green
  efforts)
• Lower Absenteeism
• Fewer Headaches at Work
• Greater Retail Sales
• Easier Re-Configuration of Space
• Less Downtime and Lower Costs

29

• CoStar A Leading Collector of Property Data
  Filters were
• Only Class A Office Buildings
• 200,00 Square Feet or More
• 5 Stories or More
• Built Since 1970
• Multi-Tenanted

30
51 Energy Star Buildings (223 Buildings)
totaling 111.7 Million Square Feet 49
Non-Energy Buildings (2,077 Buildings) totaling
889.1 Million Square Feet
31
Extra Costs in Percentage to Build Green
Minor efforts are required to hit LEED
certification at the minimum level
32
Green Point Strategies
Many points are easy such as designating minimal
parking for low emission vehicles and
facilitating bike racks. Others, such as teaching
construction workers to toss waste into three
different bins, are harder but feasible.
33
Leading States for Green
34
Leading Types of Tenants by Industry
Some day we may see large property owners with
green self-sustaining solar-powered mixed use
developments selling off carbon credits to others
35
USGBC Has Set Two Goals!

• 100,000 LEED-certified buildings by the end
  of 2010
• 1,000,000 LEED-certified homes by the end of
  2010

36
Green Ceramic Tile Flooring
37
Benefits of Tile and Stone

• Durability
• Low Maintenance
• Traditional
• Natural Product

Church of San Miniato, Florence Italy, 1200 A.D.
38
How Does Ceramic Tile Contribute to the
Environment?

• Recycled Material Content
• Environmental Air Quality
• Solid Waste Conservation
• Water Conservation
• Energy Conservation
• Life Cycle

39
Which Ceramic Tile Contributions HelpEarn LEED
Credits?
Materials and Resource Credits (MR) More than
97 of ceramic manufactured products contain
pre-consumer (post-industrial) recycled
materials. Multiple manufacturing facilities in
the United States give several manufacturers the
opportunity to be closer to more projects than
anyone. Manufacturers are investing in cardboard
and shrink-wrap packaging materials which contain
recycled materials, and all packaging can be
recycled or reused, helping to minimize
waste. Indoor Environmental Quality Credits
(IEQ) Most tile glazes are water based and use
minimal amounts of solvents. Once fired, the
tile and glaze are completely fused and there is
no possibility of emission of any volatile
gasses. (VOCs).
40
ISO Document 14021Environmental Labels and
Declarations

• Pre-Consumer Material
• Material diverted from the waste stream during
  the manufacturing process. Excluded is
  reutilization of materials such as rework,
  regrind or scrap generated in a process and
  capable of being reclaimed within the same
  process that generated it.
• The term Pre-Consumer" used in the ISO document
  means the same thing as the term
  "Post-Industrial.
• Post-Consumer Material
• Waste material generated by households or by
  commercial, industrial and institutional
  facilities in their role as end-users of the
  product, which can no longer be used for its
  intended purpose. i.e. aluminum beverage can.

41
LEED for New Construction Rating System V 2.2
MR Credit 4.1 Recycled Content 10
(post-consumer 1/2 pre-consumer) 1
Point Intent Increase demand for building
products that incorporate recycled content
materials, thereby reducing impacts resulting
from extraction and processing of virgin
materials. Requirements Use materials with
recycled content such that the sum of
post-consumer recycled content plus one-half of
the pre-consumer content constitutes at least 10
(based on cost) of the total value of the
materials in the project. The recycled content
value of a material assembly shall be determined
by weight. The recycled fraction of the assembly
is then multiplied by the cost of assembly to
determine the recycled content value. Mechanical,
electrical and plumbing components and specialty
items such as elevators shall not be included in
this calculation. Only include materials
permanently installed in the project. Furniture
may be included, providing it is included
consistently in MR Credits 37. Recycled content
shall be defined in accordance with the
International Organization of Standards document,
ISO 14021Environmental labels and
declarationsSelf-declared environmental claims
(Type II environmental labeling). Post-consumer
material is defined as waste material generated
by households or by commercial, industrial and
institutional facilities in their role as
end-users of the product, which can no longer be
used for its intended purpose. Pre-consumer
material is defined as material diverted from the
waste stream during the manufacturing process.
Excluded is reutilization of materials such as
rework, regrind or scrap generated in a process
and capable of being reclaimed within the same
process that generated it. Potential
Technologies Strategies Establish a project
goal for recycled content materials and identify
material suppliers that can achieve this goal.
During construction, ensure that the specified
recycled content materials are installed.
Consider a range of environmental, economic and
performance attributes when selecting products
and materials.
42
LEED for New Construction Rating System V 2.2
MR Credit 4.2 Recycled Content 20
(post-consumer 1/2 pre-consumer)1 Point in
addition to MR Credit 4.1 Intent Increase demand
for building products that incorporate recycled
content materials, thereby reducing the impacts
resulting from extraction and processing of
virgin materials. Requirements Use materials
with recycled content such that the sum of
post-consumer recycled content plus one-half of
the pre-consumer content constitutes an
additional 10 beyond MR Credit 4.1 (total of
20, based on cost) of the total value of the
materials in the project. The recycled content
value of a material assembly shall be determined
by weight. The recycled fraction of the assembly
is then multiplied by the cost of assembly to
determine the recycled content value. Mechanical,
electrical and plumbing components and specialty
items such as elevators shall not be included in
this calculation. Only include materials
permanently installed in the project. Furniture
may be included, providing it is included
consistently in MR Credits 37. Recycled content
shall be defined in accordance with the
International Organization of Standards document,
ISO 14021Environmental labels and
declarationsSelf-declared environmental claims
(Type II environmental labeling). Post-consumer
material is defined as waste material generated
by households or by commercial, industrial and
institutional facilities in their role as
end-users of the product, which can no longer be
used for its intended purpose. Pre-consumer
material is defined as material diverted from the
waste stream during the manufacturing process.
Excluded is reutilization of materials such as
rework, regrind or scrap generated in a process
and capable of being reclaimed within the same
process that generated it. Potential
Technologies Strategies Establish a project
goal for recycled content materials and identify
material suppliers that can achieve this goal.
During construction, ensure that the specified
recycled content materials are installed.
Consider a range of environmental, economic and
performance attributes when selecting products
and materials.
43
LEED for New Construction Rating System V 2.2
MR Credit 5.1 Regional Materials 10
Extracted, Processed Manufactured Regionally
1 Point Intent Increase demand for building
materials and products that are extracted and
manufactured within the region, thereby
supporting the use of indigenous resources and
reducing the environmental impacts resulting from
transportation. Requirements Use building
materials or products that have been extracted,
harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured,
within 500 miles of the project site for a
minimum of 10 (based on cost) of the total
materials value. If only a fraction of a product
or material is extracted/harvested/recovered and
manufactured locally, then only that percentage
(by weight) shall contribute to the regional
value. Mechanical, electrical and plumbing
components and specialty items such as elevators
and equipment shall not be included in this
calculation. Only include materials permanently
installed in the project. Furniture may be
included, providing it is included consistently
in MR Credits 37. Potential Technologies
Strategies Establish a project goal for locally
sourced materials, and identify materials and
material suppliers that can achieve this goal.
During construction, ensure that the specified
local materials are installed and quantify the
total percentage of local materials installed.
Consider a range of environmental, economic and
performance attributes when selecting products
and materials.
44
LEED for New Construction Rating System V 2.2
MR Credit 5.2 Regional Materials 20
Extracted, Processed Manufactured
Regionally 1 Point in addition to MR Credit
5.1 Intent Increase demand for building materials
and products that are extracted and manufactured
within the region, thereby supporting the use of
indigenous resources and reducing the
environmental impacts resulting from
transportation. Requirements Use building
materials or products that have been extracted,
harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured,
within 500 miles of the project site for an
additional 10 beyond MR Credit 5.1 (total of
20, based on cost) of the total materials
value. If only a fraction of the material is
extracted/harvested/recovered and manufactured
locally, then only that percentage (by weight)
shall contribute to the regional
value. Potential Technologies
Strategies Establish a project goal for locally
sourced materials and identify materials and
material suppliers that can achieve this goal.
During construction, ensure that the specified
local materials are installed. Consider a range
of environmental, economic and performance
attributes when selecting products and materials.
45
Product and Materials Selection
46
(SCS) Scientific Certification Systems

• A Leading Practitioner of Life - Cycle Assessment
  Science
• Determines Environmental Profile of Existing
  Production Operations
• Evaluates Environmental Impact Indicators
  (Products Materials)
• Assesses Improvement Strategies
• Documents Environmental Achievements
• Enhances Corporate Procurements to Consider
  Environmental Factors

47
Life Cycle Analysis

• Summation
• Products Manufacture, Use, and End of Life.

48
TCNA Life Cycle Analysis
49
TCNA Life Cycle Analysis
50
Why Select Ceramic Tile
51
EQ Credit 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials Adhesives
Sealants 1 Point
Intent Reduce the quantity of indoor air
contaminants that are odorous, irritating and/or
harmful to the comfort and well-being of
installers and occupants. Requirements All
adhesives and sealants used on the interior of
the building (defined as inside of the
weatherproofing system and applied on-site)
shall comply with the requirements of the
following reference standards Adhesives,
Sealants and Sealant Primers South Coast Air
Quality Management District (SCAQMD) Rule 1168.
VOC limits are listed in the table below and
correspond to an effective date of July 1, 2005
and rule amendment date of January 7, 2005.
52
Multiple Agencies Certifying Air Quality For
Flooring Industries

• Green Label Green Label Plus Carpeting
• FloorScore Resilient Flooring
• GreenGuard Environmental Institute (GEI) Ceramic
  Tile Products
• Florida Tile has 36 products certified from
  GEI
• Laticrete has 20 products certified from
  GEI, including adhesives, mortars and grouts

53
Indoor Air Quality EQ Credit 4 Option 3
1 Point
LEED for Schools Ceramic Tile is a Low
Emitting Floor
54
(No Transcript)
55
Third-Party Certifications
56
Did you know? The "free-range" label doesnt
necessarily mean the animals went outdoors.
"Fair Trade Certified" means more than paying
producers a fair wage. Meat labeled as
"natural" can contain artificial ingredients.
57
There are No Federal Regulations or Standards

• All Independent Agencies or Accredited Third
  Party Testing Organizations are
  Voluntary
• There is No Black and White in Green

Forbes, 2006, Least Green Machines
Another factor in air pollution and greenhouse
gas scores in the fact that the federal
government does not have emissions limitations
for many of the pollutants the EPA monitors, such
as formaldehyde and carbon dioxide
58
Popular Eco-Labels
59
Labels Provide Guidelines to the Architect and
Design Professional
Validate Environmental Claims
Nordic Eco-label
Eco-label
60
Eco-Labeling Standardized by ISO 14024 and
Recognized Around the World
Certified by a Qualified and Independent
Third-Party
61
Greenwashing
Oxford English Dictionary Disinformation
disseminated by an organization so as to present
an environmentally responsible public image
In God we Trust All Others, Bring Data!
62
Separating Legitimate Greenwashing Claims

• Environmental Labeling Rules Introducing
  Type I, Type II, Type III Requirements
• Characteristics of Each Label
• Supporting Standards
• Certification Requirements, First, Second, and
  Third Party

63
Getting a LEED Building Certified

• The LEED Accreditation Process Occurs in Three
  Stages
• Project Registration LEED Letter Templates,
  CIR Access, and
  On-Line Project Listing
• The minimum registration fee is 750, with
  maximum fees as high as 3750 for registration
  into the program
• Technical Support Reference Package Credit
  Inquiries and Rulings (CIR)
• Building Certification Upon Documentation
  Submittal and USGBC
  Review

64
Ceramic Tile Dating Back to 575 BC Survives
65
Ceramic Tile is a Hero of Disasters
66
Ceramic Tile Reduces Construction Waste in
Landfills
67
Ceramic Tile Contributes to Good Indoor Air
Quality
68
Ceramic Tile Inhibits Growth of Mold, Mildew,
Fungus
69
Ceramic Tile Can be Used in Environments that are
Susceptible to Water or Moisture Vapor
Moisture Vapor Transmission Poly-Acrylate
Terrazzo Joints
70
Defining Standards in Selection of Green Products

• The Following Criteria was established as
  reported in Environmental Building News
  
• Products with pre-consumer recycled content
• Products with exceptional durability or low
  maintenance requirements
• Products that avoid toxic or other emissions
• Products that reduce impacts from construction
  or demolition activities
• Products that contribute to a safe, healthy
  built environment
• Products that do not release significant
  pollutants into the building
• Products that block the introduction,
  development, or spread of indoor contaminates

71
Glossary Terms
Carbon Credit The process of reducing carbon
emissions by offsetting. An example is taking a
flight and in compensation paying a company to
plant trees to balance the carbon use. Carbon
Footprint A measure of ones impact on the
environment in terms of the amount of greenhouse
gases produced, measured in units of carbon
dioxide. Green Having positive environmental
attributes or objectives. Green
Product Biodegradable or compostable made from
renewable resources organically
grown. Sustainability Practices that help to
ensure the continued viability of a product or
practice well into the future.
72
CSIs GreenFormat
Does not screen products for their environmental
friendliness
73
(No Transcript)
74
(No Transcript)
75
(No Transcript)
76
Links Resources
http//www.usgbc.org
LEED Initiatives in Governments and Schools
https//www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID691
http//www.greenbuildingpages.com/links/weblinks_
LEED.html http//www.energytaxincentives.org
http//www.worldgbc.org