NAGALAND UNIVERSITY

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• NAGALAND UNIVERSITY

PRESENTED BY DR. AMOD SHARMA NAGALAND
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
RURAL DEVELOPMENT MEDZIPHEMA CAMPUS,
MEDZIPHEMA NAGALAND - 797 106.
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METHODOLOGY

• The district of Mon, Wokha, Kohima
  and Mokokchung were selected for the present work
  selecting two RD blocks and four villages from
  each VDB units. Mon and Tizit R.D block of Mon
  district Changtongya and Ongpangkong north R.D
  block of Mokokchung district Wokha and Chukitong
  R.D block of Wokha district and Kohima and
  Tseminyu R.D block of Kohima district were
  selected for present investigation. The selected
  villages comprised of Mon, Chui, Goching, Tuimei
  villages from Mon R.D Block and Jaboka, Neitong,
  Tela and Lapa villages from Tizit R.D Block from
  Mon district. Longsa, Longsachung, Niroyo,
  Okheyan villages from Wokha R.D Block and
  Yanthamo, Yimkha, New Longidang and Longla
  villages from Chukitong R.D Block of Wokha
  District of Nagaland. The selected villages under
  Kohima district included Zisunyu , Tseminyu
  ,Nsunyu and Chunlika villages of Tseminyu R.D
  Block and Chedema , Sechu (Zubza), Mengugauma
  and Mezoma villages from Kohima R.D Block.
  Chuchuyimpang , Mokokchung , Aosettsu and Ungma
  villages from Ongpangkong North R.D Block and
  Longjang, Longpa , Sungratsu and Mopungchuket
  villages from Kubulong R.D Block of Mokokchung
  district of Nagaland.

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FINDINGS

• Awareness about the NREGA and its provisions

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II. Demand process of NREGA scheme
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III. Work process of NREGA scheme
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IV. Status of Wage payment under NREGA scheme
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V. Status of Record Maintenance of NREGA scheme
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VI. Socio economic Impact of NREGA on
Beneficiaries
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VII. Feed back of Non Beneficiaries of NREGA
scheme
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• VIII. Mandays generated under NREGA programme
• It was found that an average of 26.5 mandays
  was generated under NREGA in Mon District, 44
  mandays in Wokha district, 37 mandays in
  Kohima district and only 9.5 mandays was
  generated under NREGA in Mokokchung district.
  Thus an average of 29.25 Mandays only was
  generated under NREGA out of a target of 100
  Mandays in these selected districts. However at
  the state level an average of 22.391 man days
  were generated in the year 2008-09 till February
  2009 for a total number of 291938 house-holds.

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• IX Monitoring and Vigilance
• The status of monitoring and vigilance in
  the selected district was found satisfactory.
  NREGA work are being monitored by the competent
  personnels and these activities are also being
  inspected and verified periodically.

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• X. Types of activities undertaken
• Construction of Agri link road was the main
  activity comprising about 44 per cent, followed
  by construction and maintenance of village
  approach comprising about 31 per cent and
  construction of foot steps which constituted
  about 6 per cent of the total activities under
  taken under these four districts. The remaining
  19 per cent of the activities included
  construction of irrigation canal 4 per cent,
  horticultural farming 3 per cent, construction of
  fishery ponds, culvert, terracing, soiling and
  metalling each comprising 2 per cent.
  Construction of check dam, protection wall, tree
  plantation and well constituted 1 per cent of the
  total activities.

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• XI. Social Audit
• Process of social audit was found
  satisfactory. On an average three to five members
  constituted the committee for social audit
  comprising, members form church, school teacher,
  youth leaders etc. Social audit was done
  periodically and a copy of the audit was made
  available to the project team by the concerned
  BDOs.

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• XII. Flow of Fund
• Flow of fund from state government to the village
  is quick and efficient. VDB secretary receives
  fund from the BDOs through cheque which is en
  cashed in a public sector bank through the
  savings account opened specially for this
  purpose. However flow of fund from the central
  government is not smooth in certain districts due
  to non submission of MPR in time or MPR not
  prepared in accordance to the guidelines by the
  MORD. Maintenance of Receipt and Expenditure
  account for NREGA at village level was found well
  managed.
• Total fund received under NREGA for the state in
  the year 2008-09 till February 2009 was 13161.278
  lakhs out of which 10834.648 lakhs have been
  already utilized.

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• XIII. Benefits of NREGA perceived by the
  respondents
• Has generated additional mandays thereby
  increasing employment opportunities at the
  village level.
• Has created durable assets in the village.
• Has been helpful in providing additional income
  and employment in lean seasons.
• Equal opportunity of wage income has been
  facilitated for both men and women.
• Better rural connectivity ushered.
• Have made transportation of goods and services
  easier, including transporting farm implements to
  the farm.

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• Has improved the socio economic conditions of the
  rural community.
• Resulted in social and economic empowerment of
  the rural poor and excluded groups of the
  society.
• Promoted the health and nutritional security of
  the rural people.
• Assured additional income per year.
• Discrimination in wage payment in case of women
  abolished.
• Transparency in the system of work has increased
  considerably.
• Helped considerably in enriching the process of
  social capital formation.

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• XIV. Problems faced in implementing NREGA
• Work is not available when it is demanded by
  the job card holders due to non availability of
  fund or due to present social structure and
  dimentions.
• Higher wages to the tune of Rs 350 to 450 are
  being paid for other skilled labour oriented jobs
  in the villages. Therefore, sometimes card
  holders are unwilling to do NREGA work.
• VDB officials are burdened with the paper work
  without incentives. This may lead to
  misutilisation of fund in the long run.
• Wage payment to the Job Card holders are paid in
  cash which should have been done through cheque
  or savings account in bank. However, at present
  21 R. D. Blocks out of 52 R. D. Blocks in the
  state does not have any bank.
• Mandatory demand of work for 14 days in one
  stretch sometimes deprives Job Card holders to
  avail other short period employment opportunity
  with higher wages.
• Smooth flow of fund is also a limiting factor for
  reduced level of mandays generated per year.
• Due to poor internet connectivity, a great
  difficulty is being experienced in the job of MIS
  reporting.

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• XV. Suggestions
• In Nagaland , there are many jobless families
  who totally depend on their daily wages for their
  livelihood. Therefore the present wage amount of
  Rs. 100 should be enhanced to a minimum Rs.150
  which may be at par with the existing situation.
• In this era of information technology IT,
  computers and digital cameras may be provided to
  the VDBs of every village, for efficient
  monitoring and timely recording of NREGA related
  datas.
• Suitable incentives should be given to the VDB
  officials.

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• Due to difficult terrain and topography of the
  land in Nagaland use of machinery may be allowed
  for limited and justified purpose only.
• Gram Rozgar Sahayak was not found in any of the
  selected districts under present study. Therefore
  they should be appointed at the earliest in every
  village, for better implementation of the NREGA
  work.
• The paper works related to NREGA should be
  simplified to avoid difficulty in proper
  maintenance of the records by the village
  leaders.
• Locally available materials may be allowed for
  NREGA work due to transportation and other local
  problems.

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• More trainings should be incorporated for human
  resource development.
• In Nagaland, female / male members of the family
  separate themselves from the combined family just
  after marriage. Thus increase in number of
  nuclear family should be taken care of by timely
  availability of the job cards.
• The top priority of work under NREGA in Nagaland
  has been given to rural connectivity in the form
  of construction of village approach road, Agri
  link road etc. Therefore, state department of
  Rural Development, Government of Nagaland should
  incorporate justified enhanced projection of
  labour budget for rapid development of the rural
  and remote areas in Nagaland.
• A small fund may be earmarked for the maintenance
  of the assets created under NREGA.