Exploiting VIIRS and CMIS Imagery Knowledge

1
Exploiting VIIRS and CMIS Imagery Knowledge

• Jeffrey D. Hawkins, Steve Miller, Tom Lee, Joe
  Turk, Kim Richardson, and Arunas Kuciauskas
• Naval Research Laboratory
• Monterey, CA
• 27 October 2005

2
Outline

• Windsat Examples
• CMIS Risk Reduction (Windsat) in Data
  Assimilation
• SSMIS Example
• VIIRS Simulations (MODIS and OLS)
• Online Training

3
Ocean Winds
SSM/I
WindSat
NRL
NOAA-NESDIS
Introducing Wind Vector Capability On NPOESS CMIS
4
WindSat Data Assimilation into NOGAPS

• NOGAPS/Windsat Comparison over millions of
  surface wind observations
• Favorable comparison suggesting positive NOGAPS
  impact
• Data assimilation coding underway
• Good news for CMIS!

5
Tropical Cyclone Fixing (GOES IR)
6
Tropical Cyclone Fixing (SSMIS)
SSMIS SWATH 1700 vs 1400 km FOR SSM/I
7
NOAA AVRRR Contributions to VIIRS Subpoint
Spatial Resolution
AVHRR
VIIRS
Wavelength
.37 km

• .63 µm
• .86 µm
• 1.6 µm
• 3.7 µm
• 10.8 µm
• 11.8 µm

Imagery, Clouds, Snow, Dust
Terrain, vegetation, surface water
Snow, Cirrus Properties
Fires, Low Clouds, SST
Images, Cloud height, SST
Volcanic Ash, Split Window
(11.5 µm)
.74 km
1.1 km
8
Zooming Isabel using MODIS
9
Zooming Isabel using MODIS
10
Zooming Isabel using MODIS
11
Snow/Cloud Discrimination
Challenge Snow and clouds difficult to
distinguish in conventional VIS, IR, and SIR
imagery
Northern Iraq
12
The NexSat Application

• NexSat is a public web site depicting near real
  time satellite value-added imagery products over
  the continental United States, analogous to
  Satellite Focus.
• Targeting the broadest audience (not just the
  experts) by way of simple and visually
  intuitive examples highlighting salient features.
• NexSat demonstrates several capabilities
  anticipated from VIIRS using the current suite of
  RD and operational sensors NASA-MODIS,
  DMSP-OLS, and NOAA-AVHRR, supplemented by GOES.
• http//www.nrlmry.navy.mil/nexsat_pages/nexsat_hom
  e.html

13
Fire/Hot-Spot Detection
October 26, 2003 MODIS

• VIIRS will be able to map fire sources and smoke
  extent at spatial resolutions higher than current
  AVHRR instruments capabilities.

14
Active Fires at Night
10/26/2003 0424Z DMSP F15
Fires City Lights

• Conventional 3.9 micron fire channel detects
  all hot spots (active smoldering). Flagging
  new light emissions via the VIIRS Day/Night
  Band (DNB) decouples active fires at night.

15
Moonlight-Based Snow Cover Detection
Texas
500 km

• Snow cover impacts trafficability, helicopter
  landing site selection, and PMW retrievals. Left
  panel daytime snow cover (white). Right panel
  lunar reflection of snow cover (white),
  IR-inferred low/high cloud (red/blue), city
  lights in yellow. This multispectral technique
  based on DMSP/OLS and GOES co-located datasets
  provides a preview to VIIRS DNB capabilities.

16
20,000 Leagues Over the SeaFirst Satellite
Detection of Milky Seas
17
Synopsis of Miller et al. (2005)

• Milky Seas explored as a potentially detectable
  phenomena
• January 25th, 1995, the British merchant vessel
  S.S. Lima reports a fantastic site in the waters
  off the Somali coast
• DMSP Operation Linescan System archives searched
  and match found
• Overlay of ship coordinates reveals close match
  with boundaries of feature
• Structure persists over 3 nights, covering
  region gt 15,000 km
• NLOM analysis reveals cold-core eddy, explains
  evolution of structure
• Calculations indicate gt 1022 bacteria
  participating in this event

18
Dust Forecasting
Interpretation Tips for Troops Overseas
19
NexSat Introduction
Buttons, Basics, and the Bottom Line! NPOESS
Simulation using Live Satellite Products
20
Tropical Cyclone Fixing
Using Passive Microwave Images To Fix Tropical
Cyclone
21
NPOESS VIIRS Training
Next Generation Visible/Infrared Sensor
22
Summary

• Windsat and SSMIS preview great forecaster
  support for CMIS
• Superior resolution and radiometry of VIIRS
• Enhanced capabilities from the VIIRS Day/Night
  channel
• NexSat demonstrates of future capabilities of
  NPOESS/VIIRS
• Online COMET training prepares military and
  civilian users

23
Steve Miller miller_at_nrlmry.navy.milJeff
Hawkins hawkins_at_nrlmry.navy.milJoe
Turk turk_at_nrlmry.navy.milTom Lee lee_at_nrlmry.nav
y.mil Kim Richardson kim_at_nrlmry.navy.mil Arunas
Kuciauskas kuciauskas_at_nrlmry.navy.mil
Points of Contact
www.nrlmry.navy.mil/nexsat_pages/nexsat_home.html