Recent Fermilab Results

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Recent Fermilab Results

• Pier Oddone
• International School of Subnuclear Physics
• Erice, September 2, 2008

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(No Transcript)
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Intensity Frontier MiniBooNE
LMC
?
m
K
nmne
8GeV
p
nm
Booster
decay pipe
magnetic horn
450 m dirt
25 or 50 m
and target
absorber
detector
Is there a short distance oscillation as
observed by the LSND experiment?
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MiniBooNE particle ID
beam m candidate
nm n ? m- p
?-decay e- candidate
ne n ? e- p
beam p0 candidate
p0 ? gg
nm p ? nm p p0
n n
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MiniBooNE 1st oscillation results
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MiniBooNE low energy excess
Instrumental effects?
New anomaly mediated Photoproduction?
New Analysis all these effects still
leave significant excess
Old photoabsortion of one gamma?
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MiniBooNE persistent excess
No changes in analysis above 475 MeV

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MiniBooNE persistent excess

• Immediate plans are to do analysis with the NUMI
  (for this purpose an off axis beam)
• Presently carrying out anti-neutrino run with
  comparable statistics of protons on target
• Planning MicroBooNE 140 ton scalable LAr
  detector both as test bed for technology for
  future massive detectors

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Intensity Frontier MINOS

• A neutrino beam from 120 GeV Main Injector proton
  beam
• A Near Detector to measure the beam composition
  and energy spectrum
• A Far Detector deep underground in the Soudan
  Mine, Minnesota, to search for evidence of
  oscillations

(12 km)
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MINOS near and far detectors

Minos Far detector
Minos near detector
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MINOS ?µ CC Disappearance
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 11
Energy dependent suppression of ?µ Charged
Current events in Far relative to Near Measurement
MC

• 3.36 x 1020 POT
• 2.6x exposure of PRD 75092003 (2007)

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MINOS ?µCC Disappearance
Far Data is consistent with two-flavor
oscillations. When constrained to physical
region, ?m2322.430.13 x 10-3 eV2 (68
C.L.) sin2(2?23)gt0.90 (90 C.L.) With
?2/NDF90/97 hep-ex/0806.2237 (submitted to PRL)
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 12

• Contours include effect of 3 main systematic
  uncertainties
• F/N Normalization
• Absolute Hadronic Energy Scale
• NC Contamination

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Minos NC Spectrum
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 13
In standard 3 flavor oscillations, total Neutral
Current event rate should remain constant between
the Near and Far detectors. Any deficit in the
Far event rate could indicate mixing to sterile
neutrinos
MINOS Near Detector

• Select shower-like events (no muon track)
• Dominant BG highly inelastic CC interactions
• Incorporate oscillations in extrapolation of data
  to Far Detector
• Any ?eCC events would be included in NC sample,
  results depend on the possibility of ?e
  appearance

MC
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MINOS ?µ CC Disappearance
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 14
Decay V. Barger et al., PRL 822640
(1999) ?2/NDF104/97 ??2 (WRT Osc.)14 Disfavored
at 3.7s
Decoherence G.L. Fogliet al., PRD 67093006
(2003) ?2/NDF123/97 ??2 (WRT Osc.)33 Disfavored
at 5.7s
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Minos NC Spectrum
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 15
Rate Based

• R0.99 0.090.07(w/o ?e appearance)
• R0.90 0.090.07(maximally allowed ?e
  appearance)
• Consistent with no deficit of NC events

Fit to Energy spectrum
W/O ?e appearance fs0.280.25-0.28(stat.syst.) f
slt0.68 (90 CL)
With ?e appearance fs0.430.23-0.27(stat.syst.)
fslt0.80 (90 CL)
hep-ex/0807.2424 (submitted to PRL)
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MINOS ?eSelection
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 16
Longitudinal Distributions
Transverse Distributions

• Probe subdominant oscillation modes
• Expect few signal events even with maximally
  allowed appearance
• Harsh cuts on event topology to suppress NC/high
  Y CC ?µevents
• Combine variables that describe transverse and
  longitudinal energy deposition in a Neural Net

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MINOS ?eAppearance
P. Vahle, ICHEP 2008 17
MC

• Look for excess EM-like events in FD
• NC/High Y CC ?µ dominant BGs
• CC ?µevents oscillate away
• Take advantage of NuMI flexibility!

• Turn focusing horns off?Relative number of CC/NC
  events selected changes
• Use two spectra, algebraically solve for number
  of NC and CC events at each energy

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Intensity Frontier SciBooNE

• Precise measurements of neutrino- and
  antineutrino-nucleus cross sections near 1 GeV
• Essential for future neutrino oscillation
  experiments
• Neutrino energy spectrum measurements
• MiniBooNE/SciBooNE joint nm disappearance
• ne constraint for MiniBooNE

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SciBooNE detectors
Muon Range Detector(MRD)
SciBar

• scintillator tracking detector
• 14,336 scintillator bars (15 tons)
• Neutrino target
• detect all charged particles
• p/p separation using dE/dx

• 12 2-thick steel scintillator planes
• measure muon momentum with range up to 1.2
  GeV/c

n
Electron Catcher (EC)
4m

• spaghetti calorimeter
• 2 planes (11 X0)
• identify p0 and ne

2m
DOE-wide Pollution Prevention Star (P2 Star)
Award
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SciBooNE CC-1p measurement
Charged current single charged pion (CC-1p)
production

• CC-resonant p production
• np ? mpp
• nn ? mnp
• CC-coherent p production
• nC ? mCp

often not reconstructed
Small Q2
signal 2 MIP-like tracks (a muon and a pion)

• Physics Motivation
• Dominant background process to nm disappearance
  measurement
• Need precise measurement in the 1 GeV region

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SciBooNE CC-1p candidates
SciBooNE DATA
nn?mnp candidate
np?mpp candidate
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SciBooNE CC-coherent p sample
Systematic error on background estimation
is not included yet
Preliminary
Observed CC-coherent p sample in
SciBooNEcontains fewer events than our MC
simulation, which is based on theReinSehgal
model (2007)
Events/0.025(GeV/c)2
Reconstructed Q2 (GeV/c)2
CC-coherent p Efficiency 13 Purity 40
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Astrophysics Dark Matter

• Incontrovertible evidence for dark matteer

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Astrophysics CDMS and WIMPS
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DAMA
CDMS(2006)
XENON10(2007)
MSSM
L. Roszkowski
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CDMS Gamma backgrounds
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Electron Recoils
Er
Yield E(ionization)/ E(recoil)
? ? 0.3
?
More ionization
Photons
Neutrons
, n
ICHEP08 (University of Pennsylvania), Jonghee
Yoo (Fermilab)
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CDMS WIMP detection
WIMP interaction signature - nuclear recoil
- single scatter - coherent scat. ?
A2
Neutron interaction signature - nuclear
recoil - multiple scatter - Ge and Si
similar
? Michael Attisha
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CDMS detector readout
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Phonon sensor Recoil energy
Charge signal from inner electrode
Charge sensor Ionization energy
ICHEP08 (University of Pennsylvania), Jonghee
Yoo (Fermilab)
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CDMS experimental set-up
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Surface
SOUDAN MINE
CDMS
MINOS
780m (2090mwe)
ICHEP08 (University of Pennsylvania), Jonghee
Yoo (Fermilab)
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CDMS final cut
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NO EVENTS SEEN !
ICHEP08 (University of Pennsylvania), Jonghee
Yoo (Fermilab)
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CDMS spin independent limit
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• Effective Exposure
• (after cuts)
• 121.3 kg-day
• Zero-Background !
• Null-Observation !
• This Results (_at_60GeV)
• 6.6 x 10-44cm2 (90CL)
• CDMS Combined (_at_60GeV)
• ? 4.6 x 10-44cm2 (90CL)

ICHEP08 (University of Pennsylvania), Jonghee
Yoo (Fermilab)
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Astrophysics COUPP dark matter
New use of an old technique high duty cycle
bubble chamber made insensitive to electrons and
gammas
2 Kg Bubble Chamber In NuMI tunnel
test site 300 m.w.e.
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COUPP typical event

• A WIMP interaction single bubble only.
• Appearance of a bubble image trigger
• Bubble positions measured in three dimensions
• Neutrons will produce multiple bubbles

Two views of same bubble (cameras offset by 90)
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COUPP spatial distribution

• Two populations
• Walls apparently from radium contamination of
  quartz.
• Bulk radon dissolved in chamber liquid

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COUPP data from 2006 run

• Data from pressure scan at two temperatures.
• Fit to alphas WIMPs

Energy Threshold In KeV
Radon background
Solid lines Expected WIMP response for
?? ?SD(p)3 pb
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COUPP First Results

• Competitive sensitivity for spin-dependent
  scattering, despite high radon background.

Spin-dependent
Spin-independent
Science, 319 933-936 (2008)
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COUPP 60-Kg Chamber

• Built at Fermilab low background materials
• Will run at NuMI in Fall and in Soudan next year.

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Astrophysics Pierre Auger
UHECR hybrid observatory
HIGH QUALITY
LARGE QUANTITY
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P. Auger detectors
FD Longitudinal shower distribution
SD Transverse shower distribution
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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P. Auger southern site

• Surface Detectors
• 1660 Deployed, 1603 Operational
• Fluorescence Detectors
• 24 Telescopes Operational

3,000 Km2
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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P. Auger cross calibration
Internal Calibration
SD Energy Estimator
Systematic energy scale error 22
Inclined events 60 80 degrees
FD Energy calorimetric
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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P. Auger spectrum
1 particle /km2/century
16 Joules! 1020 eV
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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1
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P. Auger energy spectrum

• E EXPECTED DATA
• 1019.6 eV 132 9 51
• 1020 eV 30 2.5 2
• significance 6?

Slope -2.62 0.03
5165 km2 sr yr 0.8 full Auger year
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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P. Auger spectrum open questions

• Deficit at high energies clearly a feature of the
  spectrum
• Consistent with GZK cut-off other possibilities
• Consistent with Hi Res results, not consistent
  with AGASA results
• Need to integrate more data

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P. Auger the anisotropic sky
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P. Auger correlation with AGNs
Virgo
318 Veron-Cetty AGNsz lt0.018 lt 71 Mpc
Super Galactic Plane
Circles of 3.1 radius centered at UHECR
arrival direction
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P. Auger comparison HiRes
HiRes ArXiv-0804.0382v1 3.1?, E gt 56.0 EeV, z
gt0.018
Auger Astroparticle Physics 29 (2008)
188204 3.2?, E gt 57 EeV, z gt0017
Shading (exposure) Claim correlation with VCV
AGNs Virgo at the edge of aperture
Shading (1/exposure) Claims no
correlations Virgo within aperture
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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P. Auger sources open questions

• Significant differences with HiRes !
• Energy Calibration ?
• Is Northern Sky significantly different ?
• AGNs as Sources - Tracers of real sources only
  ?
• Is Virgo Deficit real ?

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P. Auger composition
Consistent with existing data
Energy EeV
Open questions Heavy or mixed?
But AGN correlations -gtgt protons
ICHEP08 August 1st, 2008
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Energy frontier Tevatron

• Greatest discovery opportunities before LHC
• Strong collaborations 80 PhDs last year
• Great operations at high luminosity
• Dominates world physics results

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Results for summer conferences
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Tevatron performance (to 8/15/08)
As of today about 4.6 fb-1 delivered, 4 fb-1
recorded
3.16 x 1032 cm-2 s-1
Currently 50 pb-1/week
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Tevatron physics with jets

• Jets trace to the original partons
• We see them after hadronization and detector
  effects
• Significant systematics due to energy scale,
  resolution.

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Tevatron physics with jets

• Jets are dominant
• Most common objects and they probe the highest
  energies
• Significant systematics due to energy scale,
  resolution.

D0 event, A.Askew
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Tevatron jet cross section

• Cross section in both jet pT and rapidity
• Good agreement with NLO
• No evidence for compositeness or other BSM

PRL 101, 062001 (2008)?
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Dijet angular distributions

• Choose variables that maximize sensitivity
• Di-jet correlations predicted for different
  models of BSM

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c limits on new physics

• Best limit to date on quark compositeness, and
  one of the strongest yet on both ADD and TeV-1
  scale extra dimensions.

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Tevatron physics with Bs

• Copious b-quarks
• Measure lifetimes
• Ability to tag decays
• Use kinematics of decay

Xb- baryon was first observed by DØ, PRL 99,
052001 (2007).
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Tevatron Bs0 ?J/y f
B0s? J/ ?(?µµ-)F(?KK-)
1.4/fb, 2000 decays, S/B2
Determine CP of final state from angular
correlations.
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Tevatron Bs0 ?J/y f lifetimes
?s1/Gs(1.53 0.06 0.01) ps ?Gs (0.14
0.07 0.02) ps-1
?s1/Gs(1.53 0.04 0.01) ps ?Gs (0.02
0.05 0.01) ps-1
arXiv0802.2255 hep-ex
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Tevatron DGs for Bs0 ?J/y f
- 60 -
Manfred Paulini - ICHEP08, Philadelphia, Aug 4,
2008
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Tevatron Bs0 ?J/y f
not to scale

• CP asym. gt determine ßs in analogy ß in B0 ?
  J/y KS0

In the SM expect very small ßs from previous
knowledge of the unitarity triangle
- 61 -
Manfred Paulini - ICHEP08, Philadelphia, Aug 4,
2008
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Tevatron Bs0 ?J/y f CP violation
arXiv0802.2255 hep-ex
ßs in 0.14,0.73 or 0.83,1.42 at 90
CL Combined p-value(SM) 0.031 (2.2s)
PRL 100, 161802 (2008)?
- 62 -
Manfred Paulini - ICHEP08, Philadelphia, Aug 4,
2008
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Tevatron Bs ? mm
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Tevatron single bosons

• Smaller cross sections than for jets, but VERY
  different systematics
• Use gauge bosons (g, W, Z) to probe QCD (low
  energy resummation, parton distribution
  functions) with very precisely measured objects!

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Tevatron gb/c
Triple differential cross section measured as a
function of EgT, yg and yj Good agreement for
b-quark, poor for c-quark
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Tevatron W charge asymmetry

• Typically u-quarks carry more of the proton
  momentum than d-quarks, and thus W will tend to
  go in the positive rapidity direction
• Lepton rapidity is correlated to the W rapidity,
  and thus a very clean probe into these momentum
  distributions.

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W Charge Asymmetry

• Different systematics than other measurements
  sensitive to PDFs
• By selecting different slices of lepton pT, we
  select different x and Q2 of the initial W.

Large rapidity range
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Tevatron top quark
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Tevatron top mass

• Top mass important input to electroweak global
  analyses
• Challenging
• Jet energy scale
• Signal modeling
• Combinatorics.

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Tevatron W helicity

• Since coupling 1, one can directly study t-gtWb.
• Reconstruct t-quark kinematics, calculate angle
  between top direction and W decay product.

SM
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Tevatron electroweak

• Mass of the top and mass of the W give
  information on the Higgs mass and on physics
  beyond the Standard Model

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Tevatron early W mass
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Tevatron DMW MW with 2.4 fb-1
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Tevatron di-boson production
Higgs extension
Standard Model nothing new
The wild things
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Tevatron ZZ production

• Smallest SM diboson cross section 1.6 /- 0.1 pb.
  
• ZZ-gtllll Smallest branching fraction (0.4),
  small backgrounds.
• ZZ-gtllnn Large branching fraction (2.6) and
  backgrounds.

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Tevatron ZZ-gtllll
Combined results for several topologies
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Tevatron ZZ-gtllll
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Tevatron Higgs searches

• Cover a large range of different channels
  (especially at low mass)
• Associated Higgs production (ZH, WH) at low mass,
  coupled with H? WW at high mass.

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Tevatron Higgs searches
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WH-gtlnbb

• Large backgrounds, very small signals. Combine 8
  independent channels
• ejets, mjets
• 2 or 3 jets
• 1 or 2 b-tags
• Use dijet mass and kinematics in multivariate
  discriminants to improve sensitivity.

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Tevatron H-gtWW

• Best chance for excluding (discovering) SM Higgs
• Large background from SM WW production
• Dominates sensitivity 160 GeV.

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Tevatron H-gtWW Limits

• Dzero limits from fully analyzed 3 fb-1
• Good agreement with expected limits.

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Tevatron single experiment

• DØ experiment combined Higgs mass limits, making
  use of all the individual channels, using
  different amounts of luminosity.

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Tevatron single experiment

• CDF experiment combined Higgs mass limits, making
  use of all the individual channels, using
  different amounts of luminosity.

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Tevatron Higgs combination
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Tevatron Higgs combination