SPECIAL SENSES: VISION

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SPECIAL SENSES VISION

• MARTINI, FUNDAMENTALS OF ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY,
  7TH EDITION, CHAPTER 17

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PRESENTATION CREATED BYDR. ALFONSO A.
PINO.COLLABORATORPROFESSOR NIDIA ROMER.
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NOTE

• THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE
  REVIEW.
• THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY
  GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR PRACTICUMS /
• QUIZZES.
• STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR READING THEIR
  TEXBOOK (S) AND FOR ALL THE MATERIAL COVERED
  DURING THE LABORATORY PERIOD, AS PER THE COURSE
  SYLLABUS

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OBJECTIVES

• Identifying the structures of the eye and
  describe their functions.

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VISION

• ACCESSORY STRUCTURES OF THE EYE
• EYEBALL
• AQUEOUS HUMOR
• SCLERAL VENOUS SINUS
• VITREOUS HUMOR OR BODY

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ACCESSORY STRUCTURES OF THE EYES MUSCLES
MUSCLE ACTION
SUPERIOR RECTUS EYE LOOKS UP
INFERIOR RECTUS EYE LOOKS DOWN
LATERAL RECTUS EYE ROTATES LATERALLY
MEDIAL RECTUS EYE ROTATES MEDIALLY
SUPERIOR OBLIQUE EYE ROLLS, LOOKS DOWN TO THE SIDE
INFERIOR OBLIQUE EYE ROLLS, LOOKS UP TO THE SIDE
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ACCESSORY STRUCTURES GLANDS

• LACRIMAL GLAND- TEAR PRODUCTION
• LACRIMAL SAC- COLLECT TEARS SEND TO THE
• 
  NASOLACRIMAL DUCT
• NASOLACRIMAL DUCT- TO DRAIN EXCESS OF
• TEARS TO THE
  NASAL CAVITY

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EYEBALL COATS

• CORNEA (CLEAR OUTER PART)- IT ALLOWS THE LIGHT TO
• 
  COME
  IN
• SCLERA (WHITE PART)- IT PROTECTS GIVES THE
  SHAPE
• 
  TO THE EYES
• CHOROIDS - TO NOURISH TO ABSORB EXCESS OF LIGHT
• 
  
• CILIARY BODY- TO CONTAIN THE CILIARY MUSCLE
• 
  AND CILIARY PROCESS
• SUSPENSORY LIGAMENT- IT HOLDS THE LENS IN
  PLACE
• IRIS (PART WITH COLOR)- TO CONTROL THE SIZE
  OF
• 
  THE PUPIL
• PUPIL (HOLE)- IT LETS THE LIGHT TO GO INSIDE

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• RETINA- IT CONTAINS PHOTORECEPTORS
• GANGLION CELLS (THEIR AXONS FORM THE
  OPTIC
• 
  NERVE)-THEY CARRY VISUAL INFO
• BIPOLAR CELLS-TO CONNECT THE GANGLION
  CELLS
• 
  TO THE PHOTORECEPTORS
• PHOTORECEPTORS- TO CAPTURE THE LIGHT
• RODS- NIGHT, WHITE BLACK VISION
• CONES- BRIGHT COLOR VISION
• OPTIC DISC (BLIND SPOT)- AREA WITHOUT
• PHOTORECEPTORS WHERE THE OPTIC NERVE
  GOES
• 
  
  OUT
• MACULA LUTEA- IT CONTAINS HIGH
• CONCENTRATION OF CONES (YELLOW SPOT)
• FOVEA CENTRALIS (INSIDE THE MACULA
  LUTEA)-
• 
  TO GIVE SHARPEST VISION

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• LENS- TO FOCUS THE LIGHT
• CAVITIES
• ANTERIOR CAVITY- IT CONTAINS THE AQUEOUS
• 
  HUMOR
• ANTERIOR CHAMBER (SPACE BETWEEN THE
  CORNEA
• IRIS)- IT CONTAINS
  AQUEOUS HUMOR
• POSTERIOR CHAMBER (BETWEEN IRIS
  LENS)- IT ALSO
  CONTAINS AQUEOUS HUMOR
• POSTERIOR CAVITY (AREA BEHIND THE LENS)- IT
• 
  CONTAINS VITREOUS HUMOR

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AQUEOUS HUMOR, SCLERAL VENOUS SINUS VITREOUS
HUMOR

• AQUEOUS HUMOR- TO NOURISH THE LENS THE CORNEA
• BECAUSE THEY DO NOT HAVE BLOOD
  VESSELS
• SCLERA VENOUS SINUS (CANAL OF SCHELMM)- TO DRAIN
• 
  THE AQUEOUS HUMOR.
• IMP- IF OBSTRUCTION GLAUCOMA
  BLINDNESS
• VITREOUS HUMOR- IT MAINTAINS THE SHAPE OF THE
  
• 
  LENS PREVENTS COLLAPSE

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REMEMBER!GO TO THE TUTORING ROMMAND PRACTICE
WITH MODELS.ROMM 3326.