Where we are

1
Where we are

• completed Gycolysis/gluconeogenesis
• Today
• Pentose pathway
• Glycogen synthesis?/ Question answer time
• Next Week F
• Exam Friday Feb 9 or Tues Feb 13 General
  metabolism, Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis, Pentose
  Pathway, Other sugars entry into the pathway.
• Problems you should look at
• Chap 17 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10,
• Chap 23 1, 6, 7, 8

2
For exam

• Understand the general patterns of metabolic
  pathways.
• Know the 5 reactions commonly found in metabolic
  reactions.
• Know the thermodynamics of phosphate compounds
  and the role of ATP.
• Understand the Thermodynamics of life.
• Be able to describe mechanisms of reactions
  covered.
• Understand general properties of mechanism.

3
For exam

• Be able to follow a carbon atom through a
  pathway.
• Be able to show regulatory points.
• Be able to predict regulatory points in a
  pathway.
• Know the inhibitors and activators for The
  pathways.

4
Pentose pathway

• Occurs in Tissues that do biosynthesis
• Liver, Kidneys, Adipose
• Products
• NADPH,
• Ribose-5-P,
• Glucose/Fructose-6-P
• Erthyrose-4 -P

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6
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7
Pentose Pathway

• Critical product levels
• NADPH and Ribose
• NADPH needed Pathway runs forward excess funneled
  into Glycolsis, Gluconeogenisis or Glycogen
  Synthesis.
• if both are needed Pathway stops at NADPH and
  Ribose
• Ribose needed Pathway runs backwards to Ribose

8
Quiz

• Were would you regulate the pathway in front of
  you also how and why

9
thiamine deficiency

• Causes the nutritional disease called Beriberi
• Originally found in people who ate majority of
  calories from refined grains. polished rice,
  white flour. Fortification now prevents this. (an
  issue in third world diets)
• Currently found primarily in alcoholics due to
  low absorption of the vitamin
• Genetic beriberi. This is an inherited condition
  in which affected people lose the ability to
  absorb thiamine from foods. This can happen
  slowly over time and manifest as an adult.
• dialysis, diuretics, unusual formula in infants

10
Symptoms

• Dry
• Symptoms of dry beriberi include pain, tingling,
  or loss of sensation in hands and feet
  (peripheral neuropathy), muscle wasting with loss
  of function or paralysis of the lower
  extremities, and potential brain damage and death
  nervous disorder. Loss of brain function. All
  due to de-myelinization of nerve fibers.

11
Symptoms

• Wet
• swelling, increased heart rate, lung congestion,
  and enlarged heart related to congestive heart
  failure
• Death is usually due to heart failure