Youth Quality Assurance For Americas Youth Producers

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Youth Quality AssuranceFor Americas Youth
Producers

• Glen Arnold, OSU Extension Agent
• Jason Hedrick, OSU Extension, 4-H
• Dale Ricker, OSU Swine Extension Associate
• Tim Baker, DVM - Ottawa Vet Clinic

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Its Time For a Video

• Quality Assurance
• Strengthening the chain of wholesome food
  production

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Why Youth Quality Assurance?

• Packing companies across the country are
  reluctant to purchase animals from livestock
  shows
• Several years ago a packer was forced to condemn
  140,000 lbs of hamburger due to contamination
  from a show animal with drug residue.
• Several Ohio county fair animals had to be
  condemned for drug residues in 1999
• Ohio Department of Agriculture implemented the
  Youth Quality Assurance program to make youth
  more aware of Good Production Practices

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Why Quality Assurance ?

• Improves care and management practices
• Avoids violative drug residues
• Decreases production costs
• Increases awareness of food safety

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Whats the Bottom Line?

• To learn
• Responsibility
• Good management
• practices
• Working with others
• Make money
• To produce a wholesome safe food product, that
  will be consumed by the public.

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• Food Supply Continuum

Consumer
Producer
Attitude
Food Service
Transportation
Marketing
Retail/ Distribution
Processing
Harvesting
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Remember.animal health products are here to
assist good management...

• NOT cover up
• poor management

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Producer Attitudes

• Why do producers use animal health products on
  the farm?
• Provide for the welfare of the animal
• Treat disease or parasites
• Prevent disease or parasites
• Improve rate of gain
• Improve feed efficiency
• Minimize production costs

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HACCP and Food Safety
Hazard Analysis and Critical
Control Points

• A system used in meat packing plants to prevent
  food safety problems
• Regulated by the USDA Food Safety and Inspection
  Service (FSIS)

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HACCP and Food Safety
Hazards can be identified as

• Microbial contamination
• Chemical hazards
• Antimicrobial and chemical tissue residues
• Physical hazards
• Broken needles or metal

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HACCP and Food Safety

• Identify hazards
• Find critical points in the process
• Establish critical limits for each critical
  control point
• Monitor
• Take corrective action if monitoring shows there
  are deviations outside the limits of a critical
  control point
• Keep records on each critical control point
• Verify that the HACCP plan is working correctly.

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Where do I fit into HACCP ?

• The producers responsibility is to supply the
  packer with animals that are free from drug and
  chemical residues and physical hazards such as
  broken needles.
• We must also be aware of
• withdrawal times because a
• packer cant hold an animal
• delivered to the plant.

Packer
Producers
Consumers
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Producer Attitudes

• What about imported meat??
• Does it follow the same rules??

YOU BET IT DOES!
All meat supplied to the U.S. MUST meet U.S.
tissue drug residue standards regardless of where
it is produced.
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Current Regulatory Agencies

• Food and Drug Administration
• Regulates medicated animal feed and most health
  products
• Approves products and sets tolerance levels for
  antimicrobials

• Sets tolerance levels for pesticides used in
  pork production

• Food Safety and Inspection Service
• Inspects hogs in packing plants
• Examines plant sanitation
• Approves plant sanitation

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• Self Review

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Self Review
1. Consumers have the right to expect a safe,
wholesome food supply, and producers have the
responsibility to meet consumer expectations.
TRUE
2. All producers are affected if negative
publicity about residues decreases consumer
demand of pork.
TRUE
3. The U.S. government requires packing plants to
implement the HACCP System into their plant
operation.
TRUE
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Self Review
4. List the three types of potential HACCP food
safety hazards in meat products.
Chemical Microbial Physical
5. Production of violative residue-free pork
starts with an understanding of consumer concern
about food safety.
TRUE
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Self Review
6. List four main reasons why producers use
animal health products

• Provide for welfare of animal
• Treat disease or parasites
• Prevent disease or parasites
• Improve rate of gain
• Improve feed efficiency
• Minimize production costs

7. It is important to identify treated animals in
some manner to assure proper withdrawal times
will be practiced.
TRUE
8. A FDA Compliance Policy Guide outlines the
producers responsibilities when using animal
health products.
TRUE
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Self Review
9. The regulatory agency responsible for
determining tissue tolerance for most animal
health products is the
FDA
10. The regulatory agency responsible for
inspecting pigs at the packing plant is the
FSIS
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• Good Production
• Practices

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Good Production Practice 1

• Identify and track all animals to which drugs
  were administered.

• Identify medicated animals by
• Individual
• Pen
• Lot

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Withdrawal Time
Withdrawal time is the amount of time required
for the medication to be metabolized, or broken
down, by the animals body.

• Determined and set by research and governmental
  regulations
• Printed on the medication label

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Ear Notching Identification
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81
9
3
3
1
1
Right Ear
Left Ear
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Test Your Ear Notching Skills
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3
1
1
93 12
11 2
12-2
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Good Production Practice 2
Maintain medication and treatment records.

• Date of treatment
• Animal treated
• Product used
• Amount administered
• Route of administration
• Who gave the drug
• Withdrawal time
• Completed withdrawal date

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Good Production Practice 3
Properly store, label, and account for all drug
products and medicated feeds.
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Good Production Practice 3

• Properly Store, Label and Account for all Drug
  Products and Medicated Feeds.
• Review Medication Insert Handout (Pink)
• Food and Drug Administration regulates what drugs
  and amounts are safe for use. It also licenses
  feed mills to use these approved drugs.

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Good Production Practice 3
Look at the Labels..

• All drug labels should contain this information

Warnings
Precautions
Expiration Date
Active Ingredient
Lot Number
Cautions
Trade Name
Dosage
Application Method
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Good Production Practice 4
Obtain and use veterinary prescription drugs
through a licensed veterinarian based on a valid
veterinarian/client/patient relationship.
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Types of Animal Health Products

• Over The Counter Drugs (OTC)

• Prescription Drugs (Rx)
• Factors determining whether a drug is OTC or Rx
• Margin of safety to animal
• Effects of accidental overdose
• Difficulty of identifying disease being treated
• Safety for the administrator

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Types of Drug Use

• Labeled Use Using the drug EXACTLY as it is
  specified on this label. Medicated feed may only
  be used as directed by the label. Labeled use is
  legal and the type of use most producers use!
• Off Label The PRODUCER uses drugs on their own
  in a manner other than what is stated on the
  label without veterinarian guidance. This is
  ILLEGAL!!
• Extra Label The VETERINARIAN prescribes a drug
  to be used in a manner other than whats on the
  label. This is legal and is used when a good
  veterinarian-client-patient relationship exists.

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Good Production Practice 4
Extra Label, Off Label ...or Okay?

• The label says to give 10cc of the drug.
• your veterinarian says give 20cc.

EXTRA LABEL
OFF LABEL and ILLEGAL
You decide on your own to use a drug for
pneumonia to treat your pigs ringworm.
Your veterinarian suggests using a drug approved
for chickens on your pig.
EXTRA LABEL
The label says treat your pig twice a day and you
treat it at 8 am and 8 pm.
OKAY
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Good Production Practice 5
Educate all family members about
Withdrawal Times
Proper Administration
Treating Animals
Hauling Animals
Selling Animals
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Good Production Practice 5

• Educate all employees and family members on
  proper administration techniques and withdrawal
  times.
• Copy of the Drug Use Notification Form (yellow
  copy)
• You are accountable for your animals and trace
  back is possible.

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Proper Injection Site Activity

• Locate the proper injection site for each of the
  animals on the handout. (Grey)

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Proper Injection Sites

• Dont give intra-muscular injections in high
  value cuts. (Injection reference chart handout -
  Green)
• May cause injection site lesions or abscess
• What is?
• Sub-Q
• IM
• IV

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Good Production Practice 6
Use drug residue tests when appropriate.

• When sows are culled directly from the farrowing
  house.
• When animals receive extra label drug use
  treatment.
• When feeder pigs are sold as roaster pigs.
• When exhibiting at stock shows and fairs.

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Good Production Practice 7
Establish an efficient and effective herd health
management plan.
Involving the whole family makes it fun!!
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Good Production Practice 7

• Establish an efficient and effective herd health
  management plan.
• What is bio-security? --- Keeping your animals
  safe from the introduction of diseases from the
  environment and other animals.
• Changing boots and clothes before entering a
  building
• Cleaning vehicles before and after transporting
  animals

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Good Production Practice 8
Provide proper swine care.
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Good Production Practice 8

• Swine
• Ideal temperature is 60 - 75 degrees
• Water is the most important part of the pigs
  diet
• Properly balanced, fresh supply of feed
• Internal and external parasite control
• Housing - clean, dry, draft free area under a
  roof for pigs to sleep. 10 - 15 Sq. ft./pig
• Avoid sunburn, especially several weeks before
  the fair

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Good Production Practice 8

• Provide Proper Animal Care (Continued)
• Market Beef
• Control flies, grubs, lice, ringworm, pinkeye,
  etc
• 100 square feet of space per animal
• Clean, dry, draft free sleeping area
• Plenty of clean, cool water
• Properly balanced fresh
• supply of feed

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Good Production Practice 8

• Provide Proper Animal Care (Continued)
• Sheep
• 10 square feet of space for large lambs
• Sleeping area cool, dry and draft free
• 2 to 4 quarts of fresh water daily
• Clean feed troughs regularly
• Provide exercise space

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Proper Facilities

• Inspect for objects that can cause injury or
  bruising
• Provide good ventilation
• Provide proper bedding
• Use proper equipment
• Head gates
• Squeeze chutes
• Snares

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Proper Handling and Care

• Work with animals prior to the Fair
• Dont poke, hit, or prod animals in the high
  value cut areas
• Do not cause increased stress
• Dont forget about your project
  after the show

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Good Production Practice 9

• Follow Appropriate Feed Mixing Procedures.
• Use the proper feed for the correct weight and
  age of the animal.
• Handout -- How To Read A Feed Tag (Gold)
• Minimum withdrawal times. (Blue)

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Proper Nutrition

• What is the most important nutrient?
• Check to see if ration meets the needs of your
  animal
• Know what is in your feed

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Good Production Practice 10

• Review the 10 Good Production Practices Annually.
• Your Market Animal Handbooks are your source for
  information.

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Summary Quality Assurance
Success in the show arena is just part of your
food animal project. You are a food producer
and must carry the responsibility that comes with
being a part of our food chain.
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Be a winner!!!!